African Colonization
What was the purpose of the Berlin conference?
To divide Africa among the European powers peacefully
What war set the stage for African decolonization by bankrupting European powers and turning international opinion against colonization?
World War II
British company that first ruled India
British East India Company
When was Partition?
1947
What were the two parts of the Indian subcontinent divided by Partition?
Punjab and Bengal
This King is famous for his exploitation of the Congo Free State during the period of the scramble for Africa.
King Leopold of II of Belgium
Movement calling for African unity
Pan-Africanism
This 1757 battle marked the start of British political control in India.
Battle of Plassey
Name the first Governor General of Pakistan and the first Prime Minister of India
Muhammad Ali Jinnah and Jawaharlal Nehru
Movement of neutral countries during the Cold War
Non-Aligned Movement
What were the only two African countries to successfully resist colonization?
Double Jeopardy: Bonus points if you know the name of the battle where the Italians were defeated by Emperor Menelik II
Liberia and Ethiopia
Battle of Adowa (1896)
What strategy did European powers use that increased ethnic tensions in countries, making it harder to rule post-independence?
Divide and conquer
What group of Indian soldiers revolted in 1857?
Sepoys (Indian soldiers working for Britain)
The Muslim League called for this day of protest in August 1946.
Direct Action Day
This British colonial governing strategy maintained control by ruling through local chiefs and traditional leaders instead of imposing direct European administration—used most famously in Nigeria and Ghana.
Indirect Rule
This form of colonialism involved Europeans permanently moving to colonized lands, claiming ownership of Indigenous territory, and establishing political systems that privileged them over the local population—seen in places like Algeria, Kenya, and South Africa.
Settler colonialism
Ghana’s first president
Kwame Nkrumah
Why was Bengal divided in 1905?
To limit the spread of resistance from the Hindu intellectuals in the West to poorer Muslims in the East
What is the name for Gandhi’s strategy of nonviolent resistance?
Satyagraha
What were the five motives for European colonization?
Political (power), economic (money), religious, exploratory, and white supremacy (racism)
How did colonialism change African economies?
Algerian independence organization
the FLN (Front de Libération Nationale)
Law allowing Britain to annex Indian princely states without heirs.
Doctrine of Lapse
This person drew the boundary between India and Pakistan.
(Bonus points if you know why he struggled to do a good job)
Cyril Radcliffe
(He had never been to India before, he was using outdated census maps)
He founded the Mughal Empire after winning the Battle of Panipat in 1526.
Who was Babur?