Scientific Method
What is a Quantitative Observation?
An observation that involves measurements or numbers.
A _________________________ is a type of _________________________ that occurs after a volcanic eruption.
lahar; mudflow
Soil is the loose covering of _________________________ and _________________________.
weathered rock; humus
What is erosion?
A) The process where natural forces transport weathered material.
B) The movement of materials by earthquakes.
A) The process where natural forces transport weathered material.
What are triangular deposits that form when streams enter large bodies of water?
Deltas
What's the Independent Variable?
It's the factor that’s changed on purpose in an experiment.
In the _________________________, frost wedging is responsible for the formation of _________________________.
Northern U.S.; potholes
Soils can be classified by their _________________________, _________________________, and _________________________ content.
silt, sand, clay
What is deposition?
A) The process where materials are transported by wind or water.
B) The process where materials are dropped when moving agents slow down.
B) The process where materials are dropped when moving agents slow down.
What develops when streams actively erode paths through sediments or rock?
V-shaped Valleys
What's the Controlled Variable?
It's the factor that is kept the same throughout an experiment to make sure that the test is fair.
_________________________, _________________________, _________________________ and ________________________ are classified as mass movements.
slides, rockfalls, creeps, flows
The 3 types of landslides are: _________________________, _________________________, and ________________________.
rockslides, avalanches, slumps
Which layer of soil contains organic material and small minerals?
A) O-Horizon
B) A-Horizon
B) A-Horizon
What are natural underground openings with connections to Earth’s surface?
Caves
What is a Qualitative Observation?
It's an observation that describes characteristics using your senses.
The 4 agents of chemical weathering are: _________________________, _________________________, _________________________, and _________________________.
oxygen, water, CO2, acid precipitation
The 5 factors of soil formation are: _________________________, _________________________, _________________________, _________________________, and ________________________.
climate, topography, parent material, biological activity, time
What is solifluction?
A) A creep that occurs in areas with permafrost.
B) The formation of soil layers.
A) A creep that occurs in areas with permafrost.
What are unsorted ridges of till that are deposited by glaciers?
Moraines