Neurons 1.0
A nerve call in the body is called
Neuron
A _____ is a chemical messenger used by neurons that carries chemical-electrical signals between neurons.
Neurotransmitter
Your brain has two _____
The part of the brain that connects the two hemispheres and allows them to communicate with one another is called the ______
Corpus Callosum
The lobe of the brain that is involved in processing auditory information (hearing) is the _____ _____
Temporal Lobe
Brain and Spinal Cord
The principle that states a neuron either completely, fires, or it doesn't fire at all. There is no in-between.
All-or-Nothing Principle
Name all 6 parts of your brain.
Cerebellum, Brain Stem, Temporal Lobe, Occipital Lobe, Frontal Lobe, Parietal Lobe
The part of your brain that lies in the parietal lobe and controls feelings of touch and pressure on all the parts of your body is called _____ _____
Sensory Cortex
The lobe of the brain that is involved in processing visual information (sight) is the _____ ______
Occipital Lobe
A neurotransmitter has to float between two neurons in the space between the axon terminal of one neuron and the dendrite of another neuron. This space is called _____.
Synaptic Gap/Cleft
A neurotransmitter that helps with fine motor movements, and is also known as the reward neurotransmitter because of its role in feelings of pleasure, motivation, and anticipation.
Dopamine
The part of your brain that lies in the Frontal Lobe and controls voluntary movement of your body's muscles is called _____ ______
Motor Cortex
Brain Lateralization
The lobe of the brain that is involved in abstract thought, planning, problem solving, moral judgement, and your personality is the _____ _____
Frontal Lobe
_____ _____ is when a neuron is polarized, and could fire, but is not yet firing.
Resting Potential
A neurotransmitter that helps to regulate mood, helping to keep you from getting TOO sad or TOO happy, as well as helping with sleep/wake cycles and regulating appetite.
Serotonin
Area of the limbic system that processes emotion, especially strong emotions like fear and anger, and helps to trigger the fight or flight response.
Amygdala
_____ ______ is the part of your brain that is responsible for speech production (helping you make words) while _____ _____ helps you comprehend (understand and make sense of) the speech you hear as well as helps you choose the right words that will make sense when you are talking to others.
Broca's Area
Wernicke's Area
A neurotransmitter that is your body's natural pain reliever.
Endorphin
_____ is the process where a neuron takes back it's neurotransmitters, re-absorbing them into the axon terminal to be repackaged into vesicles until the neuron is ready to fire again.
Reuptake
_____ _____ happens when a neuron has already fired and has to recover before it will be able to fire again. No matter what the neuron can't fire until this period is over.
Refractory Period
_____ helps you remember things, converting short-term memories into long-term memories. If it gets broken you may never remember anything new ever again because it is immediately lost after your short-term memory stops holding onto the information.
Hippocampus
When a neuron reorganizes and builds new neural pathways after being damaged as a way to heal it is called _____
Neuro Plasticity
Name ALL tools used to take images and study the brain. Extra 100 points if you can describe them.
MRI-A giant magnet used on the brain to make detailed pictures
CT scan - x-ray of the brain to show shape and position of structures
fMRI - both PET and MRI scans to measure blood flow and oxygen use
EEG - Records brain’s electrical activity, measured by electrodes placed on scalp.
PET Scan - Measures glucose absorption to tell the metabolic activity in the brain, showing which areas are active at the time.