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Concentration is Key
The Age of Aqueous
The ABC's of Acid Base Chemistry
Redox Rocks
In an Ideal World...
100
A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances
What is a solution?
100
These chemical equations depict the dissolving of an ionic substance into its ions.
What is a solubility equation?
100
This is a substance which produces hydrogen ions in solution.
What is an acid?
100
Redox/ oxidation reduction reactions involve the transfer of these.
What are electrons?
100
This is the formula used to determine a partial pressure given mole fraction and total pressure.
What is Pi=Xi x PT
200
This substance does the dissolving in a solution. This other substance does the is the substance that is dissolved in a solution.
What is solvent? What is solute?
200
This forms when a mixing of solutions produces an insoluble compound.
What is a precipitate?
200
This is a substance which produces hydroxide ions in solution
What is a base?
200
This type of species loses electrons.
What is an oxidized species? Remember OIL RIG
200
Dalton's law describes how total pressure relates to partial pressures of various gasses. The formula for this is...
PT=PA + PB + PC.....
300
This is a common unit of concentration.
What is molarity?
300
These chemical reactions are written to show how the ions in solution form an insoluble compound (solid)
What is a precipitation reaction?
300
These forms of acids and bases completely ionize in water.
What are strong acids/bases?
300
This substance gains electrons in a redox reaction.
What is a reduced species? Remember OIL RIG
300
As the temperature of a gas increases, holding moles and pressure constant, the volume of the gas....
Increases
400
The units of molarity are...
Moles of solute/volume of solution in L
400
True or false. Spectator ions are included when writing the precipitation reaction.
False.
400
What is the acid base reaction that holds true for ALL strong acids combined with strong bases?
H+ + OH- --> H2O
400
This species desires electrons and undergoes reduction. It causes oxidation in others.
What is oxidizing agent?
400
The ideal gas law makes two assumptions. What are they?
There is no significant interaction between gas molecules. The size of the molecules is insignificant compared to the volume of the container.
500
A solution high in solute can be described as being...whereas a solution low in solute can be described as...
What is concentrated...dilute
500
These are ions in solution which do not form a precipitate in the reaction of interest.
What are spectator ions?
500
Name and give the formula of the 3 strong acids, 1 weak acid, 2 strong bases and 1 weak base that you need to memorize for the exam.
hydrochloric acid HCl strong acid nitric acid HNO3 strong acid sulfuri acid H2SO4 strong acid acetic acid HC2H3O2 weak acid sodium hydroxide NaOH strong base potassium hydroxide KOH strong base ammonia NH3 weak base
500
This substance in a redox reaction gives up electrons, causing reduction in other substances but undergoes oxidation.
What is a reducing agent?
500
Under what two situations does the ideal gas law break down?
At low temperatures At high pressures