Italian Renaissance
He wrote The Prince, a guide to attaining and maintaining power
Who is Niccolo Machiavelli?
These Spanish rulers, known as the "Catholic Monarchs," sponsored Columbus's first voyage
Who are Ferdinand and Isabella?
These English reformers wanted to "purify" the Church of England of all Catholic remnants
Who are the Puritans?
These two countries received independence by the Treaty of Westphalia
What are Switzerland and the Dutch Netherlands?
This concept asserts that the monarch's right to rule derives from God
What is divine right?
This natural pose prominent in Greek and Renaissance sculpture can be seen in Michelangelo's famous David
What is the contrapposto?
This economic system holds that a nation's wealth is measured in its reserves of gold and silver
What is mercantilism?
This indulgence seller in the HRE made extravagant claims to entice people to buy indulgences
Who is Johann Tetzel?
This concept regulated international relations from the Peace of Westphalia through WWI
What is the balance of power?
This Calvinist doctrine separates people into the Elect and the damned
What is predestination?
Elaborate ceremonies in Renaissance Italy that displayed a ruler's wealth and power
What is courtly culture?
This treaty effectively divided the New World between Spain and Portugal
What is the Treaty of Tordesillas?
This Latin phrase encapsulates Luther's belief on salvation without good works
What is sola fide?
Most buyers for the art of the Dutch Golden Age were from this social class
What is the bourgeoisie?
St. Petersburg was built on land won from Sweden during this military conflict
What is the Great Northern War?
In Oration on the Dignity of Man, this Neoplatonist praised man's infinite potential and free will
Who is Pico della Mirandola?
This process resulted in the commercialization of agriculture
What is enclosure?
This Catholic religious order established during the Catholic Reformation by Ignatius of Loyola worked as missionaries in Asia and the New World
Who are the Jesuits/Society of Jesus?
This treaty ended the War of the Spanish Succession and with it, Louis XIV's dream of uniting Spain and France under one monarch
Peter the Great established this code, which linked noble status to service to the tsar
What is the Table of Ranks?
Donatello used this ancient technique to create the bronze statue of David in the Bargello Museum in Florence
What is lost-wax casting?
Spain established this system to extract labor from indigenous peoples in its American colonies
What is the encomienda system?
Holy Roman Emperor Charles V declared Luther an outlaw at this pivotal imperial meeting in 1521
What is the Diet of Worms?
Following Pride's Purge, the remaining members of Parliament were known by this name
What is Rump Parliament?
This Renaissance debate argued over the nature and intelligence of women
What is the Querelle des Femmes?