Lab Safety and Equipment
What is the first thing you should do if a chemical spills in the lab?
Notify the teacher immediately
What are the three main subatomic particles?
Protons, neutrons, and electrons
What is the symbol for Sodium?
Na
What do the rings in a Bohr model represent?
Energy levels or electron shells.
What type of bond forms between two nonmetals?
Covalent bond.
Name two pieces of safety equipment you must wear at all times during a lab
Answers vary. Safety Googles, Closed toe shoes, protective clothing
How do you calculate the number of neutrons in an atom?
Subtract the atomic number from the atomic mass.
What information does each element's square on the periodic table typically include?
Element's symbol, atomic number, and atomic mass
How many electrons can the first shell hold in a Bohr model?
2
What type of bond is formed when electrons are shared equally between two atoms?
Nonpolar covalent bond.
What tool is used to measure liquid volume in a lab?
Graduated cylinder.
What part of the atom contains most of its mass?
The nucleus.
How is the periodic table arranged?
By increasing atomic number. (Number of Protons)
Draw the Bohr model for a Helium atom.
Two electrons in the first shell.
Name the bond formed between sodium and chlorine
Ionic bond.
Why is it important to know the location of the safety shower and eyewash station?
To quickly rinse off chemicals in case of an accidental spill on you.
Define "isotope."
Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.
What is the term for elements in the same vertical column?
A group or family.
What is the maximum number of electrons in the second shell of a Bohr model?
8 electrons.
Explain the octet rule and how it applies to the formation of covalent bonds
The octet rule states that atoms tend to form bonds to have eight electrons in their valence shell, achieving a stable electron configuration similar to noble gases. In covalent bonds, atoms share electrons to fulfill this requirement.
Describe the steps you should take if you accidentally break glassware in the lab
Notify the teacher immediately, avoid touching the broken pieces with bare hands, and use a broom and dustpan to carefully clean up the shards. Dispose of the broken glass in a designated glass waste container.
What determines the chemical properties of an element?
The number of electrons in the outer shell.
Which element is located in period 3, group 2?
Magnesium (Mg)
Explain how Bohr models differ from modern atomic theory
Bohr models depict electrons in fixed orbits, while modern theory describes electron clouds without definite paths.
Describe the difference between ionic and covalent bonds
Ionic bonds transfer electrons, while covalent bonds share electrons.