Unit 1
Which Enlightenment thinker influenced natural rights in the Declaration of Independence?
John Locke.
What was the Indian Removal Act?
Federal law forcing Indigenous groups west, resulting in the Trail of Tears.
What was the effect of Big Business on workers?
Low wages, unsafe conditions, long hours.
What event helped push the U.S. into the Spanish-American War?
The explosion of the USS Maine.
What were “Hoovervilles”?
Shantytowns built during the Great Depression.
What was the main goal of Common Sense?
Convince colonists to support independence (Patriot ideology).
What was the goal of the Abolitionist Movement?
End slavery and expand rights for Black Americans.
How did technology impact factories during the Industrial Era?
Increased production and efficiency.
Which policy expanded the Monroe Doctrine?
Roosevelt Corollary.
What did Executive Order 9066 do?
Authorized Japanese American internment during WWII.
How did the Constitution strengthen the federal government compared to the Articles of Confederation?
Gave the federal government power to tax, regulate trade, and enforce laws.
Name one Reconstruction-era method that the states used to limit African American voting.
Literacy tests, poll taxes, and grandfather clauses.
What correlation existed between industrialization and immigration in the Gilded Age?
Factories created jobs → immigrants supplied labor.
What was a major effect of WWI on women?
Increased workforce participation.
Why was conformity common in the 1950s?
Fear of communism + desire for stability after WWII.
What is Mercantilism?
The economic system where colonies exist to enrich the mother country through controlled trade.
What were two major compromises made before the Civil War?
Missouri Compromise, Compromise of 1850, Kansas-Nebraska Act.
Name one strategy used by labor unions.
Strikes, protests, collective bargaining.
What was American imperialism?
Expanding U.S. power abroad (e.g., Philippines, Puerto Rico, Hawaii).
What were the impacts of New Deal programs on politics?
Expanded the Democratic Party and federal government power.
Which Enlightenment idea justifies overthrowing an abusive government in the Declaration?
The Social Contract.
dentify one major cause of the Civil War.
Slavery, states' rights, sectionalism.
How did the Gilded Age affect different demographics?
Wealthy grew richer; immigrants and workers faced poverty and exploitation.
How did American foreign policy shift during WWI?
From isolationism → intervention for national security and economic reasons.
What caused the Red Scare?
Fear of communism spreading inside the U.S.