Unit 4: Molecules of Life
Unit 5: Cell Organelles
Unit 5: Membranes & Tonicity
Unit 6: Photosynthesis
Unit 6: Cellular Respiration
100
Enzymes are which type of macromolecule?
Protein
100
Name 5 organelles that help with making energy
Answers will vary:
cell membrane, cell wall, cytoplasm, lysosomes, vacuoles, vesicles, mitochondria, chloroplasts
100
The phospholipid heads are hydro ____ (phobic/philic).
The phospholipid tails are hydro ____ (phobic/philic).
Heads are philic (on the water side)
Tails are phobic (away from the water)
100
Which molecule contains more energy:
ADP or ATP
ATP - the extra phosphate means more energy
100
How does ATP production compare between anaerobic and aerobic respiration?
Anaerobic: 2 ATP
Aerobic: ~36 ATP
200
What are the 4 macromolecules?
Carbohydrates (carbs)
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
200
Name ALL 6 organelles that help with making proteins
Nucleus, nucleolus, ribosomes, rough ER, smooth ER, golgi apparatus
200
How is facilitated diffusion different from active transport?
Active transport requires energy (ATP) because it goes against the concentration gradient.
200
Where in the chloroplast do the 2 reactions (light and dark) take place?
Light reactions - Thylakoid
Dark reactions - Stroma
200
True or False:
Glycolysis occurs in BOTH anaerobic and aerobic respiration
True
Glycolysis is the first step of cellular respiration regardless of the presence of oxygen.
300
Enzymes ___ (lower/raise/don't affect) the activation energy of a reaction
lower
300
Which organelle is represented by number 12?
Rough ER
300
How does a HYPERtonic solution affect:
Animal cells
Plant cells
Animal cells: shrink
Plant cells: plasmolysize
300
Carbon dioxide is needed in photosynthesis to produce which molecule and during which reaction (dark/light)?
glucose; during the dark reactions
300
Name the 2 types of fermentation
Alcoholic
Lactic acid
400
What is specific to each enzyme's active site?
Substrate
400
Which organelle is represented by number 2?
Ribosome
400
How does a HYPOtonic solution affect:
Animal cells
Plant cells
Animal cells: burst/pop
Plant cells: become turgid
400
Which 4 molecules cycle between the light and dark reactions?
NADPH (from light to dark)
ATP (from light to dark)
NADP+ (from dark to light)
ADP (from dark to light)
400
Name ALL of the steps of aerobic respiration that produce ATP.
Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, ETC
500
Which type of inhibitor only affects the enzyme with chemical signals?
non-competitive inhibitors
500
Which 2 organelles do plant cells have that animal cells do NOT?
chloroplasts
cell wall
500
What are the 5 ways molecules can cross a membrane (into and/or out of)?
Simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, active transport, endocytosis, exocytosis
500
What is the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
The products of one become the reactants of the other.
500
Oxygen is needed during the ETC to produce large amounts of ATP. Oxygen is needed to produce the waste product, water. Where do the hydrogens come from?
Hydrogens come from the electron carriers (NADH, FADH2)