Unit 1
what is photosynthesis?
plants get their energy from the sun
what is genetic diversity?
the amount of variation in the genetic material within all members of the population
What is survivorship curve?
A graph that represents the district patterns of species survival as a function of age
What are the layers of the earth?
Crust, Mantle, Outer core and inner core
How many types of irrigation are there and what are the names?
There are four different types of irrigation; Furrow irrigation, Spray irrigation, Flood irrigation, and drip irrigation
What is a food chain?
One thing eating the next
What is the difference between a ecosystem and a habitat?
Ecosystem is the interrelationships between the biotic and abiotic component of the environment. Whereas habitat is the natural environment in which a particular species of plants and animals lives.
Why are generalist species more adaptable to rapid change?
Their range of tolerance is more broad so they can easily adapt
Explain the movement of the three plate boundaries
Divergent Plate- moves away from each other
Convergent plate- moves toward each other
Transform fault- slid past each other
What are GMO’s
Gene for pest resistant trait is added to the plant through genetic modification
What is the 10% rule?
As you go up the food chain90% is lost and 10% goes up
what is a episodic natural disruption?
a natural disruption that occurs occasional with irregular frequency
What equation is used to calculate doubling time?
Doubling time = 70/ population
Explain the rock cycle
The continuous formation and destruction of rock on and below the surface of earth
Explain the Tragedy of Commons
shared, limited resource becomes depleted due to people acting self-interest for short-term gain
what is a keystone species?
a species that plays an important role in allowing the rest of the ecosystem to function
what is ecological range of tolerance?
the range of conditions such as temperature, salinity, Ph, or sunlight that an organism can endure before injury or death results
What does population momentum lead to?
It leads to many years of continued population growth
Explain erosion
The removal of minerals from one place and it’s transport to another by the action of wind and water
Explain fire management. How can fire management be considered beneficial?
natural process for nutrient cycling, fire set under controlled conditions; provides openings for early-successional species
What is the GPP if the forest has an NPP of 1.4 kg/m2/year and the rate of cellular respiration is 2.4 c/m2/year.
GPP=1.4-2.4
GPP=-1
What is the bottleneck affect?
a change in gene frequency in a population due to a sharp reduction in population size. It can also reduce genetic diversity
Calculate the population if 52 elk has 19 births and 6 deaths in a season, and 5 new elk immigrate to the herd while 0 elk emigrate from the herd.
(19+5) - (6+0) = + 18 elk
52 + 18 = 70 elk
What is the difference between the effects of El Niño and La Niña?
El Niño has Warmer winter in much of N. America and La Niña has Cooler, drier weather in Americas
List some ways in which human land use has affected the environment negatively
"heat islands"
-overuse of farmland--> soil degradation, water pollution