Universe

Light

100

The top of a wave is called a ________.

Crest

200

To measure a full wavelength, measure from ________ to _________.

crest to crest or trough to trough

300

The number of waves that pass a point in space in 1 second is known as _________.

frequency

400

What is the relationship between frequency and wavelength?

Inverse; The longer the wavelength, the lower the frequency.

500

What is the speed of light?

3.00 x 10⁸ m/s

EMS

100

List the wavelengths of the EMS in order of INCREASING length

gamma, x-ray, ultraviolet (UV), visible, infrared, microwave, radiowave

200

This wavelength is the light we are able to see:

5 BONUS points if you can tell me the wavelength

visible

BONUS: 380-700 nanometers

300

This wavelength can be sensed as heat

infrared

400

This wave type has a frequency higher than X-rays

Gamma

500

This wave type is responsible for sunburn--be SPECIFIC!

UV-B

Star Layers

100

This layer is the most dense layer

Core

200

What temperature must the core reach for nuclear fusion to occur?

15 million degrees K

300

Explain how energy moves through the convection zone. 

Convection currents--warm gases rise and cool gases sink to create currents

400

These are the darker areas on the photosphere that are cooler than the surrounding gas

Sunspots

500

This layer is known as the sphere of color

Chromosphere

Life Cyle

100

All stars start from here

stellar nebula

200

What two values are compared in a H-R diagram?

temperature and luminosity

300

This results after a star has gone supernova and nothing can escape it's gravitational pull.

Black hole

400

List the life cycle of an average star

stellar nebula---->average star---->red giant----> white dwarf

500

What forces must be balanced in order for a star to remain a stable size?

Gravity (inward force) and nuclear fusion (outward force)

Galaxies/Big Bang

100

This type of galaxy is characterized by not having a definite shape

Irregular

200

Give 2 properties of old galaxies

-Dim

-Reddish in color

-Little interstellar matter

300

Give 2 of the 3 main pieces of evidence used to support Big Bang.

-Doppler Effect (red/blue shift)/Hubble's Law

-Abundance of light elements (hydrogen and helium)

-Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMR)

400

How would you classify a spiral galaxy with open arms and very little nucleus/bulge?

Sc

500

How does redshift support Big Bang?

If things are currently expanding and moving away, in the past (even last year) they were closer. If we continue to move galaxies closer over the age of the universe, we are back to an infinitesimally small point