This is the main function of dreams--at least, according to Freud.
What is wish fulfillment?
100
When an infant's cheek is stimulated, this reflex will cause the infant to turn toward the source of simulation and suck.
What is the rooting reflex?
100
The fact that we expect good looking people to also be competent, good humored, and intelligent is an example of this.
What is the halo effect?
100
This famous psychologist performed the Stanford Prison Experiment and dealt with the idea of social roles.
Who is Philip Zimbardo?
100
This brain "area" is involved in the production of speech; if it is damaged, the person will have trouble making any statements at all.
What is Broca's area?
200
In this kind of therapy, undesirable behaviors are paired with unpleasant outcomes, such as drinking alcohol with (potentially drug-induced) nausea or sickness. If all goes well, the behavior will be drastically reduced in frequency or even eliminated.
What is aversion therapy?
200
This emotional distress is seen in many infants when they are separated from people with whom they have formed an attachment.
What is the separation anxiety?
200
This is the name used to refer to auditory sensory memory.
What is echoic memory?
200
This factor has been found to be the most predictive of interpersonal attraction (hint: closeness).
What is proximity?
200
This neurotransmitter, present almost exclusively in the raphe system, has a great influence on sleep.
What is the serotonin?
300
This kind of therapy offers little advice, if any, and prescribes no "right" way of behaving.
What is client- or person-centered therapy?
300
This term describes the tendency in young children to believe things such as that the sun goes down so their father will come home and play with them, that "Sesame Street" is only received by their TV set; an that the mailman only delivers to their home.
What is egocentrism?
300
This is the name of a theory of forgetting that stresses the similarity of items in memory.
What is interference?
300
This phenomenon occurs when members of a cohesive group emphasize concurrence at the expense of critical thinking in arriving at a decision.
What is groupthink?
300
This part of a neuron actively transports sodium ions out while simultaneously drawing potassium ions into the cell, thereby maintaining the negative charge inside the neuron.
What is sodium-potassium pump?
400
You're most likely undergoing this kind of therapy if, to overcome a fear of public speaking, your therapist has you repeatedly rehearse giving speeches and provides specific feedback.
What is social learning therapy?
400
This genetic defect typically produces a tall, thin, sterile male with underdeveloped testes and breast development.
What is Klinefelter's syndrome?
400
This memory store has a decay time of about 250 milliseconds.
What is iconic memory?
400
This experimental psychologist conducted a classic experiment in which he asked a group of college students to decide which of three lines was equal in length to a standard line.
Who is Solomon Asch?
400
If psychosurgery is attempted in order to remedy the uncontrollable violent behavior of a convicted serial murderer, this brain structure is probably what should be operated on.
What is the amygdala?
500
The only illness that electroconvulsive therapy (shock treatments) has actually been successful in treating is this.
What is depression?
500
If a three-year-old obeys rules in order to gain rewards and avoid punishment, he or she is at this stage of moral development, described by Lawrence Kohlberg.
What is the preconventional stage?
500
When reading a story, people form these, which consist of integrated representations of all the people, objects, locations, events, and actions described in the text.
What are situation models?
500
This term describes a state in which a person feels a lessened sense of personal identity and responsibility, likely to be experienced by a person in a large group or crowd situation.
What is deindividuation?
500
Destruction of this part of the brain has been shown to result in obesity in rats.