Forearm and Upper Arm
These are the bones of the forearm and upper arm
What is the radius, ulna, and humerus
This complete fracture involves the distal radius with dorsal displacement. This is the most common type of wrist fracture.
What is Colles fracture
These are the bones of the digits in the hand
Metacarpal bones, proximal, middle, and distal phalanges
These are interventions or procedures that produce a response in soft tissue through the use of light, water, temperature, sound, electricity, or mechanical devices
What is physical agent modalities?
This disorder involves pain that is disproportionate to an injury that is either sympathetically maintained or independent of the sympathetic nervous system (traditionally called reflex sympathetic dystrophy)
What is Complex Regional Pain Syndrome
Blood supply to the forearm and upper arm flows through multiple arteries, such as these
What are the brachial and brachiocephalic arteries?
These are the two ligaments that support the elbow
What is the Radial collateral ligament and the ulnar collateral ligament
The carpal bones consist of how many bones
what is 8?
This type of PAM cools tissue to 1-2cm depth and methods include ice massage, ice, towels, cold packs, cool whirlpools, and vapocoolants sprays
What is Cryotherapy?
This Syndrome is caused by entrapment of the median nerve as it courses through a tunnel in the wrist
What is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
The shoulder is this type of joint
What is a ball and socket joint?
The elbow is considered this type of joint
What is a hinge joint
These are the three main nerves in the hand
What are the ulnar nerve, radial nerve and median nerve?
This type of PAM is used to decrease pain, promote wound healing, decreased inflammation, increases ROM and decreases edema, and Methods include NMES, TENS, and iontophoresis
What is electrical stimulation?
This syndrome is caused by cumulative micro trauma resulting in tenosynovitis of the thumb muscle tendon unit, the abductor policies longs and extensor polices breves, and the tendons in the first dorsal compartment of the wrist
The shoulder has this many degrees of shoulder flexion
The two movements that the elbow can perform
What are flexion and extension
The pacinian corpuscles, Ruffini end organs, and Merkel cells are known as this
Sensory receptors of the hand
This type of PAM heats tissue to 1-5cm depth and increases blood flow, decreases inflammation and promotes bone healing.
What is ultrasound?
This injury causes a distal ulnar nerve compression or lesion at the wrist that leads to this deformity
What is claw deformity?
A healthy shoulder has about this many degrees of abduction
The elbow has about this many degrees of flexion
What is 150-160
The number of muscles in the hand
What is 30?
This type of PAM heats tissue to 1-2cm depth and methods include warm whirlpools, fluidotherapy, hot packs, contrast baths, and paraffin baths
What is thermotherapy?
These are the phases of tissue healing in order
Inflammation, fibroplasia, and maturation or remodeling