Joints
The only place where the upper limb skeleton articulates with the axial skeleton.
What is the sternoclavicular joint?
This lateral projection of the scapula articulates with the clavicle at the acromioclavicular joint.
What is the acromion process?
This rotator cuff muscle is the only one responsible for initiating abduction of the arm.
What is the supraspinatus?
This joint, found at the distal end of the clavicle, is often injured in "shoulder separations".
What is the acromioclavicular joint?
The average carrying angle is approximately ________, although is often larger in females than males.
What is 10-15 degrees?
This ligament prevents superior displacement of the humeral head by forming an arch over the glenohumeral joint.
What is the coracoacromial ligament?
What is the intertubercular (bicipital) groove?
This muscle of the brachium has two heads and is a powerful supinator of the forearm.
What is the biceps brachii?
Excessive valgus stress to the elbow can lead to this condition, commonly requiring Tommy John surgery.
What is the ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) rupture/injury
This is the only horizontal long bone in the body.
What is the clavicle?
This ligament encircles the head of the radius and stabilizes the proximal radioulnar joint.
This bony landmark on the scapula serves as the attachment site for both the short head of the biceps brachii and the coracobrachialis.
What is the coracoid process?
This large muscle originates from the clavicle and sternum and inserts on the lip of the intertubercular groove of the humerus.
What is the pectoralis major?
A parent is pulling a toddler’s arm, and the child suddenly stops using the arm. The elbow is slightly flexed and pronated.
What is radial head subluxation (nursemaid's elbow)?
The medial wall of the axilla is made up of ribs 1-4, the intercostal muscles and _________________________.
What is the serratus anterior?
This fibrocartilaginous structure deepens the glenoid fossa, increasing the stability of the glenohumeral joint.
What is the glenoid labrum?
What is the trochlea?
This deep muscle, often overlooked in shoulder stabilization, originates from the ribs and inserts on the medial border of the scapula, aiding in protraction.
What is the serratus anterior?
A 45-year-old construction worker presents with pain and weakness in shoulder abduction, especially beyond 90 degrees. They have a positive Hawkins-Kennedy and Neer's test.
What is supraspinatus tendinopathy or subacromial impingement syndrome?
The tendon of this muscle runs through a synovial sheath that is actually an extension of the glenohumeral joint capsule.
What is the long head of the biceps brachii?
This ligament runs from the coracoid process to the humerus and helps support the superior glenohumeral joint capsule.
What is the coracohumeral ligament?
This is the more laterally (posteriorly) placed of the two tubercles on the proximal humerus.
What is the greater tubercle?
This muscle assists the latissimus dorsi in shoulder extension, adduction, and internal rotation, but is not part of the rotator cuff.
What is the teres major?
In a FOOSH (fall on an outstretched hand) injury, the radial head is commonly pushed into this structure, leading to a fracture.
What is the capitulum?
This bursa lies between the coracoid process and the joint capsule and can contribute to anterior shoulder pain during horizontal adduction.
What is the subcoracoid bursae?