PECTORAL REGION AND BACK
What are the actions of pectoralis major?
Adduction, flexion, and medial rotation of shoulder joint
Which muscle forms the posterior wall of the axilla?
Subscapularis, teres major, latissimus dorsi
Which nerve is the nerve of the anterior compartment of the arm and its root value?
Musculocutaneous nerve, C5, C6 and C7
What are the contents of the cubital fossa, from medial to lateral?
Median nerve, Brachial artery, Biceps tendon and Radial nerve
Name the tendon that passes through the joint capsule of the shoulder.
Tendon of Long head of biceps brachii
What structure passes through the quadrangular space?
Axillary nerve, posterior circumflex humeral artery
What are the nerves related posteriorly to the third part of axillary artery?
Axillary and Radial nerves
Brachialis has dual nerve supply from?
Musculocutaneous and radial nerves
Which structure forms the floor of the cubital fossa?
Brachialis and supinator
Name the four muscles forming the rotator cuff.
Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis
What are the other names of Latissimus Dorsi?
Climber’s muscle, Swimmer’s muscle
Name the branches of the third part of the axillary artery.
Subscapular, anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries
What are the actions of biceps brachii?
Flexion of elbow joint and supination of forearm
Which structure separates the median nerve and ulnar artery in the cubital fossa?
Deep head of pronator teres
Name the bursae of the shoulder joint and Which bursa communicates with the shoulder joint cavity?
Subacromial bursa, Subscapular bursa, Subcorocoid bursa, coracoclavicular bursa, supraacromial bursa
--Subscapular bursa
Which muscle is the “Boxer’s muscle”. Why?
Serratus anterior, Protraction of the scapula
What are the nerves arising from trunks of Brachial plexsus
Nerve to subclavius, Suprascapular nerve (from upper trunk)
What is the morphological significance of the coracobrachialis muscle?
In many animals, CB has three parts, but, in man, two parts with MCN in between and similar to the adductor compartment of thigh.
Which vein is preferred for intravenous injection in the upper limb and why?
Median cubital vein as it lies superficial to the bicipital aponeurosis
Muscles responsible for abduction of arm.
Up to 15 degree: Supraspinatus, from 15 to 90: Middle fibres of deltoid and from 90 to 180: Trapezius and serratus anterior
Which structure pierces the clavipectoral fascia?
Cephalic vein, thoracoacromial artery, lateral pectoral nerve, lymphatics to apical group of axillary lymph nodes
What is the classical posture seen in Erb’s paralysis?
"Waiter’s tip” or “Policeman’s tip” posture.
Arm is adducted, medially rotated, elbow extended, forearm pronated, wrist is flexed
What are the nerves related to the humerus and where?
Axillary nerve at the surgical neck of humerus, Radial nerve at the spiral groove, Ulnar nerve behind the medial epicondyle of humerus
Name the branches of the radial nerve in the cubital fossa and their further course.
Superficial branch runs lateral to the radial artery in the front of the forearm and the deep branch called as posterior interosseous nerve pierces the supinator to reach the posterior compartment of forearm.
What are the axes of movements of the shoulder joint?
Transverse axis( flexion and extension ), Anteroposterior/Sagittal axis ( adduction and abduction), Vertical/longitudinal axis ( medial rotation and lateral rotation )