Drug Action
Placebo Effect vs. Nocebo Effect
What is...
Placebo: pts. positive expectation can positively effect the outcome
Nocebo: pts. negative expectation can result in a negative outcome
What consist of the Upper Respiratory System?
Oral and nasal cavity, sinuses, pharynx, larynx, and trachea
Antidote to Tylenol
What is...
Acetylcysteine
Drug Accumulation
What is...
Next dose is given before the previously given drug has been metabolized/excreted
What is the common Upper Respiratory Disease?
Rhinitis and Allergic Rhinitis
The order you give inhaled bronchodialators and corticosteroids in...
What is...
Bronchodialator --> then corticosteroid
Metabolism and Where it Occurs
What is...
Process by which the body inactivates medications, primarily occurs in the liver w/ enzymes
Name a decongestant the trade or brand name and the use of these decongestant?
•phenylephrine HCL-- •Neo-synephrine, Sinex- •Relief of nasal congestion
•Pseudoephedrine-- •Sudafed, Novafed, Sinex- •Relief of nasal congestion& minor eye irritation
•ephedrine hydrochloride-- •Efedron- •Relief of nasal congestion & minor eye irritation
•Oxymetazoline-- •Afrin, Dristan- •Relief of nasal congestion
Methyl Xanthine Brochodiolator that can be given IV
What is...
Aminophylline
Distribution and What it Depends On
What is...
Ways in which drugs are transported to the site of action
Depends on: pH/body water/fat/bloodflow/cardiac output
What are all decongestant contraindications?
•Pregnancy
•Lactation
•Caution in hx of DM, HTN, cardiac disease
•MAOI’s
•Use carefully with Narrow angle glaucoma
How an anti-tussive works
What is...
Depresses cough center in the brain & sooth irritated areas in the throat
Drug Dependence vs. Psychological Dependence
What is...
Drug Dependence: Functionality is dependent on drug use, can't function without drugs
Psychological Dependence: Emotionally attached to drug, feeling of desire to repeat use to produce pleasure or avoid pain
A patient is being treated with an intranasal corticosteroid. Which severe adverse effect does the nurse teach the patient about?
Bronchospasm