Variety of Environments
Megacities have a population over?
10 Million
Give 1 example of urban growth
- Population increase/ Migration increase
- Increased infrastucture support
- City limits expanded
- Increased Green space
The movement of people back into an area that was previously abandoned
Re-urbanization
What is a natural type of risk cities could face?
- Tsunamis
- Floods
- Wild Fires
- Earthquakes
- Global Warming/ Climate related stress
Spontaneous urban development is?
Urban Sprawl
When birth rates exceed the death rates in a particular population
(Rate of) Natural Increase
All the components that include exterior walls, windows, floors, doors, and a foundation
Building Envelope
A reason why someone needs to move from their settlement
Push Factor
Outline the factors that incluence the location of industrial areas in cities
Factors that influence the location of industrial areas in cities include access to skilled labour, access to the market/CBD, access to good transport routes, room for expansion, and proximity to water for port industries.
Removal of heavy duty industry in an area
Deindustrialization
Briefly explain the reason why suburbanization ocurred?
Suburbanization occurred following the development of transport links, for example, trams and trains. In addition, the price of farmland had declined dramatically and there was scope for urban expansion on a great scale. Rising wages and living standards were matched by rising expectations. Housing was now available and affordable.
What is a physical risk cities could face?
- Epidemics
- Aging Infrastructure
- Unemployment
- Homelessness
- Sanitation Problems
- Pollution/ Air quality
- Safe Drinking Water
Combined processes which move water from the Earth's surface into the atmosphere.
Evapotranspiration
Give 1 example of the limits of infrastructure within a city
- Cost/ Budgets
- Lack of space/ Usable land
- Traffic Congestion
- Homelessness
What is one way traffic congestion could be managed?
- Transit Systems
- Carpooling/ sharing/ park & rides
- Toll charges
- Bicycle networks
- Reducing speed limit
- More traffic lights
- Pedestrian only plazas/ car-free zones
Known as the City Centre or "Downtown" (as a location)
Central Business District - CBD
Briefly explain two reasons for the pattern of residential land - use
Two reasons for variations in the pattern of residential land are physical factors and land values. Some wealthier people are attracted to high ground and rivers/canals due to the pleasant views they provide and partly because of the recreational opportunities they offer. In contrast, in some poor countries it is the poor who live close to rivers and areas at risk of flooding. In LICs it is the poor who are forced to live in areas of steep relief, where mass movements may be a risk. In most HIC cities, there is often a pattern of residential location, with the highest residential densities in inner-city areas. Usually, residential density in the city centre is low because of high land values. In the inner city, high-density terraced housing may date from the 19th century. However, with increasing distance from the city centre, residential density decreases. The paradox of the poorest people being located on expensive inner-city land reflects their need to be close to sources of employment. Landlords achieved their profits by cramming as many tenants as they could into these zones. By contrast, wealthier people live in the outer areas, in lower-density housing, where they can commute to work.
Name a possible consequence of growth experienced in an urban area
- Air/ Water pollution
- Out Migration
- Infrastructure barriers
- Traffic congestion
- Deforestation
What is the MDI and name ONE of it's 7 components
"Multiple Deprivation Index"
- Income
- Employment
- Access to health care
- Education skills
- Housing barriers
- Crime
- Quality of environment
What is Urban Resilience/ a Resilient City?
Capacity of individuals (systems) within a city to survive, adapt, and grow no matter what kinds of chronic stressors they experience.