Renal A+P
The location that the final adjustments to urine filtrate occur.
What is the collecting duct
List the changes seen in unpreserved urine.
(10 pts per change)
What is
Increased pH, nitrate, bacteria, turbidity
Color Changes
Decreased RBCs and casts, glucose, ketones, bilirubin, urobilinogen
The type of test used for pH on the urine dipstock
What is double indicator test.
The definition of pyuria.
What is increased WBCs in the urine.
The equation used to calculate GFR
What is UV/PT
The substance mostly responsible for the typical color of urine.
What is Urochrome
The most indicative urinalysis test for renal disease.
What is protein
The type of cast that is always pathologic, and what it indicates.
What is waxy casts and extreme urinary stasis.
The term referencing proteinuria that only occurs when the patient is upright.
What is orthostatic (postural) proteinuria
These are the three cell types of the juxtaglomerular apparatus.
What is
Juxtaglomerular
Macula Densa
Mesangial Cells
The urine color typically associated with pseudomonas infection.
What is Blue-Green
The test principle behind the Clinitest.
What is copper reduction/Benedict's principle.
What is tubular necrosis and renal graft rejection.
Pre-renal proteins that may not be detected on the urine dipstick. (many acceptable answers)
What is
Hemoglobin
Myoglobin
APR
Bence Jones Proteins
The hormone responsible for increasing the permeability of the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct.
Bonus if you can say when it would be released.
What is Vasopressin (ADH)
Released when plasma water levels are decreased.
The condition associated with mousy smelling urine.
What is phenylketonuria
The two types of renal proteinuria
What is glomerular and tubular
Added to urine to differentiate between RBCs and yeast.
What is glacial acetic acid.
The physiologic crystals found in alkaline urine.
What is ammonium biurate, calcium carbonate.
The substance measured in a clearance test, used to measure tubular secretion and renal blood flow.
Bonus if you know why it is used.
What is p-aminohippuric acid (PAH)
PAH is secreted rather than filtered through the glomerulus since it is bound to plasma proteins. Only a small amount of PAH present in plasma is excreted in the urine.
The corrections made in refractometry for glucose and protein in large amounts, respectively.
What is 1g/dL raises SG by .003 and .004, respectively.
The likely condition with +++ bilirubin and normal urobilinogen
What is bile duct obstruction.
The physiologic crystals found in acid urine.
What is uric acid, calcium oxalate, amorphous urates.
Renin _____ when blood pressure and plasma sodium increase.
What is decreases