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Lab Procedures
Chemical Properties
Physical Properties
Urine Formation and Collection
Urinalysis Terms
100
Physical, chemical, biological
What are the three types of hazards?
100
Clinitest
What test confirms glucose in urine?
100
color, clarity, and specific gravity
What is the physical examination of urine?
100
95% water 5% solutes sterile
Urine is made up of ___% water, ___% solutes, and is normally a ___ body fluid.
100
Physical, chemical and microscopic examination of urine
What is urinalysis?
200
Name (last, first) ID (DOB) Date collected Time collected Initials
What information do you include when labeling specimen?
200
bacteria multiply unpleasant odor pH increases Increase decomposition of casts and cellular components bilirubin breaks down crystals precipitate or dissolve decrease glucose decrease ketones
What are 3 changes that occur when urine sits at room temperature?
200
Almost colorless light yellow yellow dark yellow amber abnormal colors would be red/pink, brown, blue, green, orange
What are normal urine colors?
200
2 kidneys, 2 ureters, bladder, urethra, and urinary meatus
What is the urinary systems anatomy?
200
The degree to which a solution is acidic or basic
What is pH?
300
To test instruments and supplies for accuracy
What is the purpose of quality control?
300
blood-green nitrites-pink leukocytes-purple
What color does the pad on the reagent strip change for blood, nitrites, and leukocytes?
300
Normal is clear abnormal is slightly cloudy, cloudy, very cloudy
What is the normal and abnormal urine clarity?
300
Urine is formed in the kidneys and the major functioning unit is the nephron.
Where is urine formed and what is the major functioning unit?
300
other potentially infectious material
What does OPIM stand for?
400
Diagnose illness or disease Manage illness or disease Assess general well-being Prevent or reduce the severity of disease
What are three things lab results are used for.
400
1500ml(1.5 liters) and volume is dependent upon fluid intake, fluid loss due to exhalation and perspiration, status of renal and cardiac function.
How much urine does the normal adult produce in 24 hours and what is volume dependent upon?
400
The concentration of dissolved particles in a specimen and it can be measured using a urinometer, refractometer, or urine dipsticks
What is specific gravity and what do you measure it with?
400
Routine urinalysis urine pregnancy testing microscopic examination culture and sensitivity testing
What tests can clean-catch midstream urine be used for?
400
The cloudiness or muddy in appearance
What is turbid?
500
Processing-receive and disperse specimens after collection Urinalysis-physical, chemical, and microscopic examination of urine Hematology-study of blood Chemistry-analyze 12-20 components of blood Microbiology-study microorganisms that cause infection Immunology/serology- test for antibodies against disease Blood bank-blood typing and cross matching Histology-microscopic study of tissues Coagulation-tests the body's ability to clot
Name 4 laboratory divisions(departments) and what they do?
500
Urobilinogen- .1-1.0 pH- 4.6-8.0 specific gravity- 1.003-1.030 Also urine should be negative for glucose, ketone, bilirubin, nitrite, leukocyte, and blood Negative or trace amount of protein
What are the normal urine values for urobilinogen, pH, and specific gravity?
500
fluid intake, fluid loss through perspiration, exhalation and bowels
What is specific gravity influenced by?
500
regulation Dispose of toxic waste substances, maintain constant blood pH, prevent loss of vital nutrients by reabsorption, maintain constant blood pressure, regulate other body systems
The primary function of the urinary system is______. List 3 different ways the urinary system does this.
500
A red iron-containing protein pigment in muscles that is similar to hemoglobin
What is myoglobin?