URO
The non-functional procedure that evaluates the contour and anatomical structure of the urinary bladder.
What is a cystogram (cystography)?
The functional study of the urethra and bladder.
What is a voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG)?
Study of the urinary system via intravenous contrast administration that is used to evaluate structure and function.
What is an intravenous Urogram (IVU)?
Galbladder location in an asthenic patient.
What is low and medial?
What is T10?
A cystogram requires ________mL of contrast media administered by __________ in retrograde fashion using a Foley catheter.
What is 150 to 500 and gravity?
The projection taken while female patients are voiding during a VCUG?
What is an AP projection?
The AP scout projection for an IVU is taken for this reason.
What is to ensure proper patient preparation and accurate technical factors?
Gallbladder location in a hypersthenic patient.
What is high and lateral?
What is unilateral PA and RAO (PA oblique)?
The 5 routine projections taken for a cystogram.
What are AP, RPO, LPO, lateral, and AP Axial.
The position male patients are placed in while voiding for a VCUG.
What is RPO position?
The AP scout projection must include these 4 structures.
What is the right kidney, left kidney, bladder, and the pubis symphysis?
What is a surgical cholangiogram?
Position to best demonstrate a right side pleural effusion.
What is right lateral decubitus?
What is 60 degrees?
The degree of obliquity for the RPO position in male patients while they are voiding?
What is 30 degrees?
This position places the left kidney parallel with the image receptor.
What is 30 degree RPO?
The location for contrast media injection in an ERCP
What is the hepatopancreatic ampulla (ampulla of Vater)?
Position to demonstrate a left pneumothorax.
What is right lateral decubitus?
The CR angle and direction used in the AP Axial projection of the bladder in a cystogram.
What is 10 to 15 degree caudal?
The left ureter is best demonstrated free from superimposition of the lumbar transverse processes in this position.
What is LPO?
The position that rotates the bladder away from the right distal ureter.
The reason fluoro is used for an ERCP.
What is to demonstrate the patency of the biliary and pancreatic ducts using contrast?
Chest oblique position that best demonstrates the heart and great vessels away from the spine.
What is 60 degree RAO?
What is to demonstrate the ability of the bladder to empty?
Post-void images might be taken in this position to demonstrate the integrity of the bladder?
What is upright?
The reason ureteric compression is performed.
What is to ensure adequate filling of the renal pelvis and calyces (no urine goes into bladder)?
ERCP
What is endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography?
The 4 structures best demonstrated in the PA oblique projection, 45 degree RAO position of the chest (not ribs).
What are the left lung field, left atrium, apex of left ventricle, right retrocardiac space?
This examination is performed to demonstrate the pelvicalyceal (AP pyelogram) and ureter system (AP ureterogram)
What is retrograde urography?
Name 4 reasons ureteric compression is contraindicated.
What is urinary stones, abdominal mass, abdominal aneurysm, colostomy, suprapubic catheter, or traumatic injury?
The meaning of retrograde contrast administration.
What is the filling of structures in a direction opposite to the normal physiological flow?
Starting from the descending duodenum, trace the path of biliary tree.
What is ampulla of vater to common bile duct/pancreatic duct, common bile duct to cystic duct and into gallbladder, common bile duct to common hepatic duct, right and left hepatic ducts?
The 5 structures best demonstrated in the PA oblique projection, 45 degree LAO position of the chest (not ribs).
What are the right lung field, heart, descending aorta, aortic notch, and pulmonary arteries?