uti
A nurse reinforcing teaching with a client who has a history of Uti. which of the following statements need for additional instructions?
a) i will empty my bladder every 2 to 4 hrs.
b)i will drink 2ltr everyday
c) i will wear cotton underwear
d) i will use vaginal douche daily
d) i will use vaginal douche daily
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a history of kidney stones. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A. "I will limit my fluid intake to avoid frequent urination."
B. "I will increase my intake of foods high in animal protein."
C. "I will drink at least 3 liters of fluid each day."
D. "I will avoid walking to prevent the stones from moving."
C. "I will drink at least 3 liters of fluid each day."
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has chronic kidney disease. Which of the following dietary instructions should the nurse include?
A. Increase intake of foods high in potassium
B. Limit intake of foods high in phosphorus
C. Consume more protein to promote healing
D. Drink at least 4 liters of fluid per day
B. Limit intake of foods high in phosphorus
🔎 Rationale: Clients with CKD are at risk for hyperphosphatemia. Foods high in phosphorus (e.g., dairy, cola, beans) should be limited to prevent complications such as bone demineralization.
A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching for a client with chronic kidney disease. Which of the following statements by the client demonstrates understanding?
A. "I will take my magnesium-based antacid every morning."
B. "I will check my blood pressure at home regularly."
C. "I should eat bananas and oranges to keep up my strength."
D. "I can take over-the-counter NSAIDs if I get a headache."
B. "I will check my blood pressure at home regularly."
🔎 Rationale: Clients with CKD are at high risk for hypertension, which should be monitored daily. The other options are incorrect because:
A female client who has recurrent cystitis ask the nurse about preventing future episodes. for which of the following statement the nurse should provides teaching reinforcement?
A. "I will urinate after having sexual intercourse."
B. "I clean my perineal area from back to front."
C. "I drink plenty of water throughout the day."
D. "I avoid using perfumed feminine hygiene sprays."
B. "I clean my perineal area from back to front
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has a lower urinary tract infection (cystitis). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
A. Flank pain
B. Fever and chills
C. Dysuria and urinary frequency
D. Nausea and vomiting
C. Dysuria and urinary frequency
🔎 Rationale: Classic symptoms of a lower UTI include painful urination (dysuria), frequency, urgency, and suprapubic discomfort. Flank pain and fever are more common in upper UTIs (e.g., pyelonephritis).
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has renal calculi. Which of the following findings is the priority to report to the provider?
A. Flank pain that radiates to the groin
B. Hematuria
C. Oliguria
D. Nausea and vomiting
C. Oliguria
A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic kidney disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
A. Urine output of 250 mL in 8 hours
B. BUN of 28 mg/dL
C. Crackles in the lungs
D. Hemoglobin of 11 g/dL
C. Crackles in the lungs
🔎 Rationale: Crackles indicate fluid overload, which can lead to pulmonary edema—a life-threatening complication of CKD. This requires immediate intervention.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has chronic kidney disease (CKD). Which of the following client statements indicates a need for further teaching?
A. "I will check my weight every day."
B. "I will eat foods high in phosphorus, like milk and cheese."
C. "I will avoid using salt substitutes that contain potassium."
D. "I understand I may need to limit my fluid intake."
B. "I will eat foods high in phosphorus, like milk and cheese."
🔎 Rationale: Clients with CKD should limit phosphorus-rich foods (like dairy products) to avoid complications such as bone demineralization and itching.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client scheduled for a kidney biopsy. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
A. "I will need to lie on my back for several hours after the procedure."
B. "I may have some blood in my urine after the biopsy."
C. "I will take aspirin to relieve pain after the procedure."
D. "I will need to sign a consent form before the biopsy."
C. "I will take aspirin to relieve pain after the procedure."
Aspirin is contraindicated after a kidney biopsy because it increases the risk of bleeding.
A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a female client who has a history of recurrent UTIs. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A. "I will wipe from back to front after using the toilet."
B. "I will take a bubble bath every evening."
C. "I will drink cranberry juice daily."
D. "I will avoid urinating after intercourse."
C. "I will drink cranberry juice daily."
🔎 Rationale: Cranberry juice may help prevent UTIs by inhibiting bacteria from adhering to the urinary tract lining. The other options reflect behaviors that increase UTI risk.
A nurse is reinforcing dietary teaching with a client who has calcium oxalate renal calculi. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?
A. Cheese
B. Spinach
C. Bananas
D. Chicken
B. Spinach
🔎 Rationale: Spinach is high in oxalates and should be avoided in clients prone to calcium oxalate stones. Cheese contains calcium but is not typically restricted unless excessive intake is a problem.
A nurse is caring for a client with CKD who reports muscle cramping and numbness in the extremities. Which electrolyte imbalance should the nurse suspect?
A. Hypernatremia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypocalcemia
D. Hypermagnesemia
C. Hypocalcemia
🔎 Rationale: CKD impairs calcium absorption due to decreased vitamin D activation, leading to hypocalcemia, which causes neuromuscular symptoms such as cramping and numbness.
Which of the following lab findings is expected in a client with chronic kidney disease?
A. Increased hemoglobin
B. Decreased creatinine
C. Increased BUN
D. Decreased potassium
C. Increased BUN
🔎 Rationale: BUN (blood urea nitrogen) and creatinine are both elevated in CKD due to impaired renal excretion of waste. Hemoglobin is usually low, and potassium is often high.
A nurse is reinforcing pre-procedure teaching for a client scheduled for a kidney biopsy. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
A. "You will need to avoid eating or drinking for 8 hours before the procedure."
B. "You will be placed in a semi-Fowler’s position during the procedure."
C. "You can resume strenuous exercise the day after the procedure."
D. "You will be given a laxative before the procedure."
A. "You will need to avoid eating or drinking for 8 hours before the procedure."
🔎 Rationale: Kidney biopsies are usually performed under local anesthesia with conscious sedation, so NPO status is required to reduce aspiration risk.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching about antibiotic therapy with a client who has a UTI. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
A. "Stop taking the medication when your symptoms go away."
B. "Take the medication with grapefruit juice."
C. "Finish all of the prescribed medication."
D. "Double the dose if you miss one."
C. "Finish all of the prescribed medication."
🔎 Rationale: It's important to complete the full course of antibiotics to ensure complete eradication of the infection and to prevent resistance.
A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching to a client following lithotripsy for kidney stones. Which of the following client statements indicates a need for further teaching?
A. "I will expect some bruising on my back."
B. "I might see blood in my urine for a few days."
C. "I should limit fluid intake for the next week."
D. "I will take all of my antibiotics as prescribed."
C. "I should limit fluid intake for the next week."
🔎 Rationale: Fluid intake should be increased, not limited, after lithotripsy to help flush out stone fragments and prevent new stones from forming.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has CKD and is scheduled for hemodialysis. Which of the following client statements indicates a need for further teaching?
A. "I will check my weight before and after dialysis."
B. "I will eat a meal just before my dialysis treatment."
C. "I will report bleeding or swelling at my access site."
D. "I will avoid taking antihypertensive medications before treatment."
B. "I will eat a meal just before my dialysis treatment."
🔎 Rationale: Eating right before dialysis can lead to nausea and hypotension during treatment. Meals should be scheduled either well before or after the session.
A nurse is caring for a client who is in the oliguric phase of AKI. Which of the following nursing actions is appropriate?
A. Encourage fluid intake of 3 L/day
B. Monitor for signs of fluid volume excess
C. Provide foods high in protein
D. Administer potassium supplements
B. Monitor for signs of fluid volume excess
🔎 Rationale: In the oliguric phase, urine output is reduced, which can lead to fluid overload. Monitoring for edema, crackles, and hypertension is a priority
A nurse is collecting data from a female client who reports burning with urination and urinary frequency. Which of the following additional findings should the nurse expect with cystitis?
A. Flank pain and chills
B. Suprapubic discomfort
C. Proteinuria
D. Nausea and vomiting
B. Suprapubic discomfort
🔎 Rationale: Cystitis, a lower UTI, commonly presents with dysuria, frequency, urgency, and suprapubic pain. Flank pain, nausea, and chills are more characteristic of upper UTIs like pyelonephritis.
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has a UTI. Which of the following findings is an expected manifestation in older adults?
A. Burning with urination
B. Confusion
C. High-grade fever
D. Suprapubic pain
B. Confusion
🔎 Rationale: In older adults, a UTI may present atypically with confusion, delirium, or a sudden change in mental status, rather than the classic signs like burning or urgency.
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing acute renal colic due to a kidney stone. Which of the following is the priority nursing intervention?
A. Encourage ambulation
B. Administer prescribed opioid analgesic
C. Encourage fluid intake
D. Prepare the client for discharge teaching
B. Administer prescribed opioid analgesic
🔎 Rationale: Pain management is the priority during acute renal colic. Opioid analgesics help relieve severe pain associated with stone movement.
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has chronic kidney disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
A. Hypotension
B. Polycythemia
C. Anuria
D. uremia
d) uremia
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has acute kidney injury (AKI). Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider immediately?
A. Urine output of 600 mL in 12 hours
B. Serum potassium of 6.2 mEq/L
C. BUN level of 30 mg/dL
D. Mild fatigue
: B. Serum potassium of 6.2 mEq/L
🔎 Rationale: A potassium level >5.0 mEq/L is dangerously high and can cause cardiac dysrhythmias. It requires immediate intervention.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is being treated for recurrent cystitis. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A. "I will take a bubble bath every night before bed."
B. "I should urinate after having sexual intercourse."
C. "I will wear tight-fitting jeans to prevent bacteria from entering."
D. "I will reduce my fluid intake to avoid frequent urination."
B. "I should urinate after having sexual intercourse."
🔎 Rationale: Voiding after intercourse helps flush bacteria from the urethra, reducing UTI risk. The other options are incorrect and may increase the risk of infection.