Misc 2
What does a high urine specific gravity indicate?
Dehydration/Fluid volume deficit
What does urine look like that has a high urine specific gravity?
What is reflex incontinence?
Client has no sensation of need to urinate, typical after spinal cord injury.
What is stress incontinence?
What is overflow incontinence?
What diagnostic tests used to examine the urinary tract use contrast?
Examples: Intravenous pyelogram, Retrograde pyelogram, CT scan
What type of signs and symptoms would the client have if they had a reaction to the contrast?
Why would we use a straight catheter versus an indwelling urinary catheter?
Why would a client get a suprapubic catheter placed?
Look it up, think about it
How is a postvoid residual amount collected?
What amount of urine in the bladder would make the nurse concerned?
Who's most at risk for developing a UTI?
High risk categories: Sexual active women, use of a contraceptive diaphragm, postmenopausal women, indwelling catheter, people with diabetes
Educate your client on how to provide a clean catch/midstream urine sample
See guideline 37-1, page 1352 in textbook.
Bladder irrigation considerations
Measure intake and output, if not equal, palpate bladder for distention, evaluate drainage tubing for kinks, notify provider if I&O not equal.
How do you care for the client with an ileal conduit?
Stoma should be pink to red and moist. Skin around stoma needs to be kept dry. Measure I&O. Empty drainage appliance frequently. Monitor bowel sounds (remember ureters are transplanted to empty into segment of small intestine, so you'll have mucus in urine), encourage acceptance of body image.
pg 1374 in textbook
Educate your client on collecting a 24-hour urine sample
Pg 1353 in textbook.
What if a voided amount gets accidentally thrown away during the 24 hour period?
What is pyuria?
Pus in the urine?
What is dysuria?
What is nocturia?
What's included in the assessment of an arteriovenous fistula/graft?
Guideline 37-4, page 1376 in textbook.
What are things a nurse should NOT do to the arm with an AV fistula/graft?
What type of dialysis are fistulas and grafts used?
What type of catheter is used in peritoneal dialysis?
Teach a client about how to identify the muscles for pelvic floor muscle training
Purposefully stop peeing during urination. Those same muscles used to stop the flow of urine are the same muscles to be tightened during PFMT exercises.