Incontinence & Safety
Loss of bladder control.
What is urinary incontinence?
The most common cause of a UTI.
What is bacteria?
Dark amber urine usually means this.
What is dehydration?
Glomerulus
Small bundle of capillaries in the nephron
Filters blood
A 25-year-old woman comes to the clinic complaining of burning pain during urination, frequent urge to urinate, and passing small amounts of cloudy urine. She also reports lower abdominal discomfort and mild fever. (Dysuria (painful urination), Urinary frequency, Cloudy or foul-smelling urine, Mild suprapubic pain)
Urinary Tract Infection
Incontinence that happens when laughing or coughing.
What is stress incontinence?
Severe flank pain may indicate this condition.
What are kidney stones?
Output less than this per hour must be reported.
What is 30 mL/hr?
Sphincter Muscles
Control urine flow (keep urine from leaking)
A 40-year-old man suddenly develops severe sharp pain in the lower back, radiating to the groin. He feels nauseous and notices blood in his urine. The pain comes in waves and he cannot stay still. Severe flank pain Hematuria (blood in urine), Nausea/vomiting,Restlessness)
Kidney Stones (Renal calculi)
A sudden strong urge to urinate.
What is urge incontinence?
A condition where the body produces little urine.
What is oliguria?
In DKA, urine contains these two substances.
What are ketones and glucose?
Nose / Nasal cavity
Air enters the body
Filters, warms, and moistens air
A 10-year-old boy is brought to the hospital with swelling around the eyes, dark cola-colored urine, and reduced urine output. Two weeks earlier he had a sore throat infection:Edema (especially periorbital), Hematuria, Oliguria (low urine output)
History of infection
Acute Glomerulonephritis
Incontinence caused by inability to reach the bathroom.
What is functional incontinence?
A condition where the body produces no urine.
What is anuria
Hemodialysis is used to do this.
What is filter the blood?
Renal Medulla
Inner part of the kidney
Contains pyramids that help move urine
A 60-year-old patient with long-standing high blood pressure and diabetes complains of fatigue, swelling in the legs, and decreased urine output. Lab results show high creatinine levels. Fatigue ,Edema ,Elevated creatinin. History of hypertension/diabetes
Chronic Kidney Disease
Exercises that strengthen pelvic floor muscles.
What are Kegel exercises?
A kidney infection is called this.
What is pyelonephritis?
The best way to prevent UTIs.
What is increasing fluids?
Detrusor Muscle
Muscle that contracts to release urine
A 68-year-old man reports difficulty starting urination, weak urine stream, and frequent urination at night. Hesitancy in urination, Weak stream
Nocturia (night urination) Feeling of incomplete bladder emptying
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia