Gross Anatomy
Which structure allows urine to exit the body?
Urethra
The renal pyramids are located in the...
medulla
The filtrate within the glomerular capsule drains into the PCT, which an abbreviation for...
Proximal convoluted tubule
The kidney uses what three processes to maintain homeostasis?
Filtration, reabsorption, and secretion
A majority of the nephron is in the renal cortex, yet a portion extends down into the.....
medulla
Which structure stores urine before it is excreted?
The minor calyces combine to form the:
major calyces
What are embedded transmembrane water channels that allow water molecules to pass through the membrane?
Aquaporins
What is the approximate volume of filtrate created by the glomeruli per day? (not urine output)
200 Liters
What molecule is important for Ca2+ absorption with in the digestive tract and kidney?
Which structure carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder?
Ureters
What is the name of the structure that surrounds the glomerulus?
Bowman's capsule (glomerulus capsule)
Transport across the basolateral surface of an epithelial cell is based on the.....
gradient between the intracellular fluid and interstitial fluid
Anatomically, the kidneys and the ureters are considered __________ organs within the abdominal cavity.
Retroperitoneal
What does ADH stand for....
Antidiuretic Hormone
What tissue is the bladder and ureters composed of?
Transitional epithelial
The glomerulus is best described as....
a network of capillaries
Transport across the luminal surface of an epithelial cell is based on the....
the gradient between the renal tubule and the intracellular fluid
Glomerular filtration rate is the balance of what 3 factors?
- hydrostatic pressure of the glomerulus
- osmotic gradient
- hydrostatic pressure of the bowman's capsule
What is the name of the enzyme that is secreted by the juxtaglomerular cells of the afferent arteriole at the juxtaglomerular apparatus....
Renin
Which kidney is displaced lower due to the liver?
The right
Which structure is most involved in selective reabsorption and secretion?
The Proximal Convoluted Tubule
In reabsorption, useful materials that were filtered by the glomerulus are moved from the __________ into the __________
Renal tubules ; blood of there peritubular capillaries
The order of veins within the kidney draining deoxygenated blood back into the renal vein is as follows:
cortical radiate vein, arcuate vein, and the interlobar vein
Most renal nephrons are __________ nephrons.
Cortical