Renal Corpuscle
What are the functional structure of the nephrons?
Renal corpuscles
What happens to urine concentration as it goes down the descending loop of Henle?
Increases
Having this might indicate a bacterial infection, particularly E.coli or other gram-negative rods.
Nitrites
Which structure stores urine?
Bladder
______ is the scientific term for urination.
Micturition
Where does most water reabsorption take place?
Proximal convoluted tube
The glomerulus is the site of what process?
Filtration
What are formed in renal tubules and may be due to concentrated urine?
Casts
During urination, which muscle contracts?
Detrusor
What are the THREE main parts of urinary system?
Kidney, ureter, bladder
This complex is involved in the regulation of blood pressure via osmolarity.
Juxtamedullary complex
Which vessel delivers blood to the glomerulus for filtering in the kidney?
Afferent arteriole
If you have protein in your urine, what condition could you have?
Albuminuria
What is the order that urine takes from the kidney to the bladder in order.
Urinary bladder
Renal pelvis
Calyx
Ureter
Papillary duct in renal pyramid
Collecting duct
Collecting duct
Papillary duct in renal pyramid
Calyx
Renal pelvis
Ureter
Urinary bladder
Which blood vessels supply the kidneys with oxygenated blood?
Renal arteries
These cells are found at the start of the distal tubule and detect changes in sodium concentration.
Macula densa
The Bowman's capsule receives filtrate from which structure?
Glomerulus
Name TWO types of crystal that form in acidic urine.
Leucine spheres, calcium oxalate, uric acid, sodium urate, cystine, tyrosine needles
Which urethra in the male is most distal?
Spongy urethra
Of the medulla, cortex, capsule, and pelvis, which contain the renal pyramids?
Medulla
What are podocytes?
They line the inner layer of the glomerular and have foot-like extensions that help form the filtration membrane and regulate what passes into the filtrate.
Name 3 things are absorbed in the proximal tubule.
Water, Na+, Cl-, K+, glucose, and amino acids are reabsorbed.
What are too large to pass through the glomerular filtration membrane and should not be present in urine?
Red blood cells
In both female and male urinary tracts, the bladder is posterior to which structure?
Pelvic bone
Does the Inferior Vena Cava receive oxygenated or deoxygenated and filtered or unfiltered blood?
Deoxygenated and filtered blood