The Kidney
What is the outer portion (superficial) of the kidney called
Cortex
The tube that connects the bladder to the outside world
the urethra
how many nephrons does each Kidney have?
Over 1 million! (approximately 1.25 million, but who's counting...?)
What is the purpose of excretion?
This system is responsible for providing structure and support for the human body
Skeletal System
the inner (deep) portion of the kidney
medulla
the blood vessel that brings "dirty" blood to the kidneys
renal arteries
this process happens in the Bowman's capsule, the filtering of all small molecules from the blood
ultrafiltration
fish excrete their nitrogenous waste in the form of ___________ into the water surrounding them.
ammonia
This system is responsible for transporting nutrients, gases, and waste throughout the body
Circulatory System
this structure connects the kidneys to the bladder
ureters
The renal veins bring "clean" blood from the kidneys back to the ____________ for circulation around the entire body.
vena cava
this process occurs along the nephron (tubule), when some materials are taken back into the blood from the filtrate but others are left with the waste
selective reabsorption
birds excrete their waste as _____________.
uric acid
The definition of homeostasis
An organisms (or cells) ability to maintain a stable internal environment regardless of what is occuring in its external environment.
another word used for "kidney" in anatomy/physiology
renal
this structure is found at the bottom of the bladder and top of the urethra. It can contract to close off the urethra, holding our urine until we are able to void
sphincter
this structure in the nephron resembles a jump rope, it has a descending and ascending portion
loop of Henle
humans excrete their waste as _________________
urea
How many body systems are there in the human body?
11
if a persons kidneys stop working they may need to go on this to survive as they wait for a kidney transplant.
dialysis
This structure holds our urine until we are ready to urinate
the bladder
nephrons empty their filtrate into this duct which collects filtrate from all the surrounding nephrons
collecting duct
nitrogenous wastes are formed during the break down of what types of molecules?
proteins and nucleic acids
How to organisms maintain homeostasis (by what mechanism)?
Feedback loops