Urinary System
What job do nephrons do in the kidneys?
Produce urine during the process of filtration (p174)
Where does digestion begin?
In the mouth- saliva and chewing (p152)
What is a bacterial infection in the urinary system?
urinary tract infection (UTI) (p178)
an infection of bacteria or viruses in the mucosa of the digestive tract
gastroenteritis (p164)
large intestine is also known as
colon (p170)
What are the components of the urinary system? (6 total)
2 kidneys, 2 ureters, 1 urinary bladder, 1 urethra (p174)
What does bile break down?
fats (p168)
What is dehydration?
The condition of a body that doesn't have enough water (p175)
Causes a backward flow of stomach acid contents
GERD - gastroesophageal reflux disease (p165)
salts in the body are known as
electrolytes (p175)
What is the chemical found in urine formed from broken down amino acids?
urea (p175)
What does the pancreas do?
secrete pancreatic juices (about 1 qt) and hormones (p169)
What are kidney stones?
waste from the blood that solidifies and sticks together in the urine (p177)
An open sore inside the stomach
peptic or stomach or gastric ulcer (p166)
What does the gallbladder store?
Bile (p169)
What should blood pH sit at?
7.4 (p176)
What are the first 10-12 inches of the small intestine?
The duodenum (p166)
What is hypernatremia
Hyper- 'high'
Natr- 'sodium'
emia- 'in the blood'
Too much sodium in the blood (p175 oyo)
abdominal pain, gas, and frequent bouts of diarrhea followed by constipation
irritable bowel syndrome (p173)
Where do the ureters deliver the urine and how much urine can this hold?
The urinary bladder can hold 500mL (p177)
What is peristalsis?
waves of rhythmic, moving rings of muscular contractions which move the food along to the next organ (p159)
Describe water intoxication
Hyponatremia which is a low proportion of sodium in the blood and can cause headaches, nausea, vomiting, and confusion (p176)
a more severe reaction to gluten where the intestinal villi are shortened and absorption is inhibited
celiac disease (p173)
How long does it take the kidneys to cleanse all the blood in the body?
25 minutes (p174)