Glomerula-what?
Got Pee
Analyze This
Analyze That
Let's Get physical!
100
The glomerulus serves as a _________ system for the kidneys.
Filtration
100
Normal urine is usually classified visually as:
straw to yellow and clear
100
A refractometer reads 1.003 with distilled water. The technologist should
calibrate by adjusting the screw
100
Excessive fat metabolism is indicated by the presence in the urine of:
ketones
100
Describe in clinical terms the urine on the left
Yellow and Turbid
200
Name the barrier that repels molecules with a negative charge even if they are small enough to pass through the 3 layers of the glomerulus
Shield of negativity
200
Before analysis, a refrigerated urine specimen must be:
returned to room temperature
200
Reagent strip reactions for WBCs are based on the detection of:
esterase activity
200
A reagent strip test for blood is reported positive. No red blood cells are seen on the microscopic examination. The patient's condition is called
hemoglobinuria - free hgb in the urine
200
Name the term that refers to the transparency or turbidity of urine
Clarity
300
The movement of molecules across a membrane as a result of differences in their concentration of electrical potential on opposite sides of the membrane is referred to as__________.
Passive Transport
300
Identify a change that occurs in an unpreserved urine and the cause of the change for the following analytes: color & glucose
darker-oxidation of metabolites
decreases- bacteria
300
A spotted reaction on the reagent strip reaction for blood indicates:
hematuria
300
Hyperglycemia that occurs during pregnancy and disappears after delivery is called
gestational diabetes
300
Bilirubin produces what color foam when shaken?
Yellow
400
Name a substance that is passively transported in all parts of the nephron except the ascending loop of henle.
Water
400
Briefly list the instructions for a 24hr urine collection.
discard 1st morning....collect all others including next morning specimen
400
A urine specimen is analyzed for glucose by a glucose oxidase reagent strip and a copper reduction test. If both results are positive, what does it say about the urine sample?
Glucose only is present
400
Name something that would produce an alkaline urine.
hyperventilation, vomiting, renal tubular acidosis, vegetarian diet, older specimens, presence of urease-producing bacteria
400
Name a tool that measures velocity of light in air vs velocity of a liquid solution.
Refractometer
500
An autoregulatory mechanism within the __________ maintains the glomerular blood pressure at a relatively constant rate, regardless of fluctuations in systemic blood pressure.
juxtaglomerular apparatus
500
Specimens that contain intact red blood cells can be visually distinguished from those that contain hemoglobin because:
red blood cells produce a cloudy specimen
500
Identify 3 non-pathologic causes of protein in urine.
strenuous exercise, dehydration, menstrual contamination, prostatic fluid, spermatozoa, vaginal secretions
500
A primary example of proteinuria due to increased levels of serum protein is the excretion of Bence Jones protein by people with ___________, a proliferative disorder of the immunoglobulin-producing plasma cells.
multiple myeloma
500
Name a disease state that can lead to a "mousy" smelling urine sample
Phenylketonuria