Infection & Inflammation
This term refers to painful or difficult urination, a common symptom of UTI.
What is dysuria?
The medical term for the formation of urinary stones.
What is urolithiasis?
This type of incontinence involves a sudden, intense sensation to void followed by involuntary loss of urine.
What is urge incontinence?
When analyzing kidney function, an elevation in these two specific blood chemistry values indicates decreased renal clearance.
What are BUN and creatinine?
A nurse is caring for a patient who was given this urinary analgesic for dysuria. The nurse must warn the client that it will turn their urine orange/red in color.
What is Phenazopyridine (Pyridium)?
In older adults, the most common atypical presenting symptom of a urinary tract infection is this.
What is sudden change in mental status (confusion)?
This is the term for the severe, spasmodic flank pain that occurs when a stone obstructs the urinary tract.
What is renal colic?
This type of incontinence happens when small amounts of urine leak due to increased abdominal pressure from laughing, coughing, or sneezing.
What is stress incontinence?
In a patient with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), the nurse should monitor for this life-threatening electrolyte imbalance on the telemetry monitor, evidenced by tall, peaked T-waves.
What is hyperkalemia?
This is term for waking up multiple times during the night to urinate, a common issue in older adults and patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
What is nocturia?
A urinalysis indicating a UTI will typically show positive results for these two byproduct markers produced by bacteria.
What are leuko esterase and nitrites?
The three most critical nursing interventions for a patient with renal calculi are strict I&O, forcing fluids, and this.
What is straining all urine to catch the stone for analysis?
These specific strengthening exercises are the primary conservative treatment for stress incontinence.
What are Kegel exercises?
This substance is released from the kidneys to stimulate red blood cell production, but is lacking in chronic renal disease.
What is Erythropoietin?
To prevent a catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI), the urinary drainage bag must be kept below this anatomical level at all times to prevent backflow.
What is the bladder?
This upper urinary tract infection causes hallmark costovertebral (CVA) tenderness, flank pain, and fever.
What is pyelonephritis?
If a stone is logded in the ureter and causes fluid to fill up in the kidney it is called this.
What is hydroureter or hydronephrosis?
This drug class is often prescribed to treat urge incontinence by relaxing the bladder muscle and preventing contractions.
What are anticholinergics?
Patients with chronic kidney disease often suffer from this acid-base imbalance because the kidneys are failing to properly regulate and reabsorb bicarbonate.
What is metabolic acidosis?
The nurse performs the technique of pressing down on the bladder of a client with overflow (reflex) incontinence to assist them in fully emptying their bladder to prevent UTI.
What is Crede method?
This autoimmune, post-streptococcal disorder causes smoky/dark urine, facial edema, and hypertension.
What is acute glomerulonephritis?
For severe cases of renal calculi, a nurse might assist a provider with this procedure which uses high-energy shock waves to break up stones.
What is extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)?
This condition can compress the urethra, making it difficult to empty the bladder and causing symptoms like a weak urinary stream and nocturia.
What is Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)?
This treatment is often required for patients with chronic kidney disease to clear the blood of all built up waste and fluid.
What is dialysis?
A modifiable risk factor to teach clients about in order to prevent kidney or bladder cancer.
What is to stop smoking?