Spanish Exploration & Empires
Which Spanish soldiers and explorers led military expeditions in the Americas?
Conquistadores
Who was the first English child born in the present-day United States?
Virginia Dare
What system involves creating and maintaining wealth by carefully controlling trade?
Mercantilism
Which priest wrote a paper criticizing the Catholic Church and helped spark the Protestant Reformation?
Martin Luther
Whose strong leadership helped the early Jamestown settlement survive its hard initial years?
John Smith
Which Aztec leader sent gifts of gold to Hernán Cortés, hoping to keep him away from Tenochtitlán?
Moctezuma
Which Dutch leader purchased Manhattan Island from local Native Americans to establish New Amsterdam?
Peter Minuit
What served as the centerpiece of New England local government where citizens gathered to discuss issues?
Town meeting
Which monarch defied the pope and made himself the head of the Anglican Church?
King Henry VIII
What name was given to English sailors who were encouraged by Queen Elizabeth I to raid Spanish treasure ships?
Sea dogs
What system established by Spain gave settlers the right to tax local American Indians or demand labor from them?
Encomienda system
When John White returned to the abandoned Roanoke Island in 1590, what word was found carved into a post?
CROATOAN
What term refers to crops that are continuously in demand for food supply?
Staple crops
Which invention played a key role in spreading the ideas of the Protestant Reformation across Europe?
The printing press
Which former encomendero became a Catholic priest and worked to defend the rights of American Indians?
Bartolomé de Las Casas
What was the name of the main road that connected Spanish settlements across New Spain?
El Camino Real
Which French explorer named the Mississippi Valley region "Louisiana" and claimed it for France?
René-Robert de La Salle
What system allowed wealthy Virginia colonists to gain 50 acres of land for bringing servants or relatives to the colony?
Headright system
What was the name of the massive fleet of ships sent by King Philip II of Spain to attempt to overthrow Queen Elizabeth I?
The Spanish Armada
Who led a violent rebellion in colonial Virginia that resulted in the burning of Jamestown?
Nathaniel Bacon
Which Spanish explorer was the first European to cross the Mississippi River?
Hernando de Soto
Which European group established settlements along the Delaware River and introduced log cabins to North America?
Swedish settlers
What legal agreement was drafted by the Pilgrims because they landed too far away from Virginia to be ruled by its government?
Mayflower Compact
What economic problem was caused in Spain by importing vast amounts of silver from the Americas?
Inflation
Which free African American astronomer and mathematician accurately predicted a solar eclipse?
Benjamin Banneker