Religious Background
What did Queen Elizabeth I do?
Made Anglicanism the official English church again
What are established denominations?
denominations that enjoyed state (government) support and protection
Why did Puritanism decline?
Growth of materialism, the problem of church membership, many unconverted members, the Half-Way Covenant
What did George Fox do?
Founded Quakers
What was problematic about some mission responses to the Natives?
Some thought the Indians needed to be “civilized” before being converted
That Indian customs that could not be reconciled with Christianity
And that they needed European standards in dress and housing
What did Queen Mary do?
Attempted to reinstate Catholicism
What did Puritans believe in regards to Anglican practices?
Staunch Protestants who agreed wholeheartedly with the Anglican creed
Thought church practices were too Catholic
Purify the church from corruptions
What was problematic about the testimony of “witches” at the Salem With Trials?
To save their lives they needed to confess and accuse others of witchcraft (whether or not it was true) so their testimony was unreliable
What was problematic about the Quaker view of the inner light?
Quakers believed that they were saved by obeying the inner light—not through the atonement of Jesus Christ
Why were Protestants afraid of Roman Catholics?
Because of a history of persecution
What did King Henry VIII do?
King Henry VIII broke from the Roman Catholic Church and established the Church of England but was still predominantly Catholic
What did Low Church Anglicans believe?
Agreed doctrinally with the Puritans but saw no problem with the church's ceremonies and structure
What was the Half-Way Covenant?
A serious compromise where you did not have to fully own the covenant to be a part of the church
What did Roger Williams do?
He founded what is considered to be the first Baptist church in America
What did John Eliot do and what was his impact?
He learned the language of the Algonquin Indians and preached to them, translated the Bible, and it appears that around 4,000 converted; Natives were trained to be pastors to other natives
What did Edward VI do?
Pushed for Protestant reforms
What did High Church Anglicans believe?
Believed that the church's traditional practices, notably its rule by bishops, was divinely ordained
Less opposed to Catholicism than the Puritan and Low Church groups
What were the outcomes of the Half-Way Covenant?
Kept people as part of the church
Increased the number of unconverted church members
What set Baptists apart from other denominations?
Doctrine of baptism by immersion
What was significant about the Mennonites and the Amish?
Both groups tried to preserve their way of life, rejecting modern changes and having little contact with outsiders
What were the 3 groups within the Anglican church?
Puritans, Low Church Anglicans, and High Church Anglicans
What was important about the Puritan congregational church government?
Each congregation has own government; independent of other churches
Which denomination was least affected by the Great Awakening?
The Anglican church
What was often overlooked with the Salem Witch Trials?
Ministers wanted to proceed cautiously Some people did practice witchcraft Repentance
What did David Brainerd do and what was his impact?
Missionary who died young of tuberculosis, but his journal inspired many other young men to enter the ministry