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4.1 Workers and Labor Unions during the Progressive Era
4.2 Progressivism
4.2 Progressive Era Presidents & Amendments
4.3 African Americans of the Progressive Period
4.3 Disenfranchisement of African Americans
100
Organizations of workers that arose during the age of industrialization intended to protect the interests of its members
What are labor unions?
100
This was a reform movement led by Susan B. Anthony that called for women to have the right to vote
What is the women's suffrage movement?
100
This amendment gave women the right to vote in 1920
What is the 19th Amendment?
100
A former slave and a notable African African leader during the Progressive Era, he founded the Tuskegee Institute, did not oppose segregation, and advocated African Americans advance themselves through economic freedom attained by excelling in teaching, agriculture, and blue-collar fields
Who is Booker T. Washington?
100
This is the act of denying a certain group of people the right to vote and was the primary means for suppressing African Americans in the South after the end of Reconstruction
What is disenfranchisement?
200
A practice in which children, some as young as five, would have to work rather than go to school in order for families to survive which led children to miss out on school and become trapped in poverty
What is child labor?
200
This is what the Progressive Era called for in business, politics, and society as a whole
What is reform?
200
This amendment was added to the U.S. Constitution in 1919 to prohibit the making, selling, or transporting of alcoholic beverages - It was later repealed by the 21st amendment
What is the 18th amendment?
200
This 1896 Supreme Court case ruled that de jure segregation (segregation based on law - i.e., Jim Crow laws) is lawful as long as the separate facilities/services are equal, meaning that segregation was legal
What is Plessy v. Ferguson?
200
Used as a means to deny African Americans the right to vote, this required members of a state to pay a special tax before they would be allowed to vote
What are poll taxes?
300
A process in which employees negotiate as a group rather than as individuals in an effort to increase their bargaining power
What is collective bargaining?
300
This term was applied to writers of the Progressive Era who exposed abuses in government and industry
Who are muckrakers?
300
This amendment added to the U.S. Constitution in 1913 established the federal income tax
What is the 16th amendment?
300
The first African American Ph.D. from Harvard, he felt that African Americans must seek to achieve intellectually and founded the NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People).
Who is W.E.B. Du Bois?
300
These laws established segregation by requiring whites and blacks to use separate facilities
What are Jim Crow laws?
400
Court orders that forbade strikes because they violated the law or threatened public interest
What are injunctions?
400
This book by Upton Sinclair horrified its readers in 1906 as it uncovered the truth about the U.S. meat packing industry and helped lead to the creation of a federal meat inspection program
What is The Jungle?
400
He was a progressive president who pursued a number of reforms siding with the strikers rather than management - a huge switch from past government positions
Who is Theodore Roosevelt?
400
An advocate of civil rights and women's rights, she was known for her campaign against segregation on railway cars prior to the Plessy decision
Who is Ida Wells-Barnett?
400
These became a voting requirement to prove voters were literate before they would be allowed to vote as a means of denying African Americans the right to vote
What are literacy tests?
500
The last great nationwide strike, this established the precedence of factory owners appealing to the courts to end strikes. This strike involved the railroad industry, led by Eugene Debs, which ended when strikers disrupted the U.S. mail, and the President Cleveland sent in federal troops to enforce a federal injunction again the union
What is the Pullman strike?
500
This was a movement that originally wanted to limit, and eventually advocated eliminating, alcohol
What is the temperance movement?
500
This amendment added in 1913 established the election of Senators directly by the people rather than by state legislatures
What is the 17th amendment?
500
Inspiring a great sense of "black pride" among African Americans, he was perhaps best know for his "back to Africa" movement and helped arouse a sense of cultural pride that many in the African American community had not felt before
Who is Marcus Garvey?
500
This is segregation which is not officially sanctioned by law but rather evolves due to economic or social factors
What is De facto segregation?