500
Describe the founding of each of the following colonies: Virginia, Massachusetts, Maryland, Carolina, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Georgia.
Virginia - Jamestown, hunt for gold, John Smith, Powhatans, John Rolfe & tobacco, headright system, indentured servants
Massachusetts - Plymouth, Puritans escaping religious persecution in England, theocracy, "city upon a hill," Massachusetts Bay
Maryland - George Calvert, refuge for English Catholics, religious toleration, headright system, tobacco, indentured servants
Carolina - Restoration colony (Charles II), headright system, religious toleration, Charles Town, Fundamental Constitution for Carolina --> social hierarchy, plantation slavery, northern farming region farmers vs. southern commercial region --> too different, so split into North Carolina and South Carolina
New York - Restoration colony, James the Duke of York, originally Dutch colony of New Netherland, cultural melting pot, hierarchy of land-owners, fur traders and people loyal to the Duke
New Jersey - Restoration colony, James the Duke of York, originally Dutch colony of New Netherland, not profitable, cultural melting pot, no class of land-owners, originally divided into East and West --> joined to form New Jersey
Pennsylvania - Restoration colony, Quakers, William Penn, most attractive and well-known colony in America, positive relationship with natives, Middle Grounds, lower half broke off to form Delaware
Georgia - last of the 13 colonies, James II, General James Oglethorpe, Savannah, military barrier against Spanish, philanthropic, no African Americans (free or slaves), no Catholics, grew more slowly than other colonies