Early America
limits the power of the federal government by separation of powers and checks and balances
Principles of the Constitution
A new process of making steal
Bessemer Process
women supported; 18th amendment; prohibited sell and consumption of alcohol; hoped to decrease crime and health problems; resulted in more crime and speakeasies
Prohibition
Cuban Revolution, sinking of USS Maine
Causes of Spanish-American War
bribery scandal during Harding’s term; resulted in reduced public confidence in the federal government
Teapot Dome Scandal
when a stock becomes worth more than its value; limited government regulation; led to Great Depression
Overspeculation
democracy in America: liberty, egalitarianism, individualism, populism, and laissez-faire
Alexis de Tocqueville
fought for better pay, improved working conditions, and the end of child labor; resulted in increased federal involvement
Labor Unions
allowed women’s suffrage, right to vote
19th Amendment
to gain access to natural resources and overseas markets; expansion of trade
Reasons for expansionism
efficient production made goods affordable:
automobile, household items; Henry Ford
Mass-manufacturing
federal government took on a new, larger role to help the welfare of Americans; protected the economy; provided jobs and mortgage loans
New Deal
voting in elections, serving on a jury, staying
informed on government issues
Civic responsibilities
promised infrastructure and jobs in exchange for votes
Political Machines
created by Roosevelt to conserve land
National Park Service
U.S. saw a need for its creation during Spanish-American War; obtained land by Roosevelt’s “Big Stick” policy; more efficient travel time for navy and businesses
Construction was slowed because of Mud Slides
The Panama Canal
The overbuying of goods
Consumerism
repatriation, deportation, and expulsion of Mexicans and Mexican Americans from the United States
Mexican Repatriation
“Out of many, one”; colonies were different yet came
together to form one country
E Pluribus Unum
intended to assimilate Native Americans into American culture; divided their tribal land into farm plots
Dawes Act
The Right to Vote
Suffrage
Trenches, Tanks, Poisonous Gas, Machine Guns
New Inventions During WWI
limited economic opportunity and discrimination in the South resulted in African Americans migrating north for jobs
Great Migration
response to rejection of some New Deal programs; many disliked because it increased power of president
Roosevelt’s court-packing plan
people accused of crimes must be read their rights
(Miranda v. Arizona); eminent domain
5th Amendment
resulted in farmers settling the Great Plains
Homestead Act
government policies protecting consumers; resulted from Muckrakers, like Upton Sinclair
Pure Food and Drug Act
Lusitania Sinking
Reasons US joined WWI
popularity of African American artists, gospel music, jazz; influenced civil rights movement
Harlem Renaissance
limited a president to serve only two terms; passed in response to FDR serving four terms
22nd Amendment