American Revolution
Why were the colonists upset about being taxed by the British Parliament?
Taxation without representation
What was one problem of the Articles of Confederation?
Federal government could not tax, no executive branch, amendments needed all 13 votes, states had more power
George Washington's first role as the president was to establish a judicial branch. What 3 things were written under the Judiciary Act of 1789?
3-Level Federal Court System, Federal Law is the Supreme Law of the Land, The Supreme Court leads the Judicial Branch
What is Manifest Destiny?
Americans believed that God predestined them to expand westward
Industry mainly developed in what part of the US in the early 1800's?
The North
What is 1 important thing that the Second Continental Congress did?
Created an army, Olive Branch Petition, and Adopted the Declaration of Independence
What event showed the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation? What were the effects of that event?
Shays Rebellion --> led to a Constitutional Convention
Who did the U.S fight in the war of 1812?
Britain
What was the outcome of the Mexican American War?
U.S expanded territory: ended with the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.
Name 2 important things that happened under Andrew Jackson's Presidency.
Bank War, Nullification Crisis, Indian Removal Act, Spoils System
What is the significance of the Battle of Saratoga?
French openly declared allyship with the Patriots
What was the Great Compromise?
2 House Congress: 1 house based on population, 1 house had equal representation
What are some different beliefs that Hamilton and Jefferson had? What did their differences lead to?
Strict interpretation of Constitution vs. Loose interpretation. Whether the bank was constitutional or not. Led to the first political parties.
What was the biggest disagreement between Mexicans and American settlers in Texas?
Slavery
What did the Monroe Doctrine state?
The U.S & Europe should stay out of each others affairs
What were the 2 sides fighting in the American Revolution? What side did Native Americans & slaves fight on?
Loyalist vs. Patriot. Both fought on Loyalist side.
In terms of ratifying the Constitution, what did Federalists believe? What did anti-Federalists believe?
Federalists: strong central government & ratify
Anti Federalists: Stronger state governments, and wanted a bill of rights
What were the Alien and Sedition Acts? What was the response to these acts?
Alien Acts: raised immigrant residency requirement from 5 → 14 years before being able to become a citizen & the president was authorized to deport or imprison “dangerous” immigrants ; Sedition Acts: set fines & jail terms for anyone expressing opinions that were “damaging” to the government
Virginia & Kentucky resolutions:nullification: the states had the right to void acts of Congress that they thought were unconstitutional
What was the outcome of the Missouri Compromise?
Maine was admitted as a free state and Missouri was admitted as a slave state
What does nullification mean?
The States should have the power to rule acts of Congress unconstitutional
What was the last battle of the American Revolution?
Yorktown
What are 2 protections under the 1st Amendment?
Speech, Press, Religion, Assembly, Petition
What is important about the supreme court case Marbury v. Madison?
The Supreme Court gained the power of judicial review: Supreme Court can declare an act of Congress unconstitutional
Who was president during the Mexican American War?
James K. Polk
How did the cotton gin affect slavery?
Expanded slavery