Enlightenment Ideas
What are natural rights?
Describe the difference between Patriots and Loyalists.
Patriots = wanted to rebel from Britain
Loyalists = wanted to stay loyal to Britain
What was the first Constitution made by the Founding Fathers?
The Articles of Confederation
What three European groups played a major role in exploring the Americas?
What are the members of the Judicial Branch called?
Supreme Court justices or justices
What is individual liberty?
The freedom of individuals to make their own choices.
Sugar, Stamp, Townshend, and Intolerable (Coercive)
What does Article 2 of the Constitution establish?
roles of the Executive Branch
What role did disease play in the colonization of North America?
Dramatically decreased the Native American populations and weakened their ability to resist colonization
What are the two parts of the legislative branch and how are the states represented in each?
Senate = two per state
House of Representatives = based on population
What is limited government?
A government whose power is restricted by laws or a constitution.
Name three resistance groups that contributed to the American Revolution.
Sons of Liberty, Daughters of Liberty, Committees of Correspondence, Minuteman, and Committees of Safety
What does the 4th Amendment protect against?
Unlawful searches and seizures
Who were the three major Native American groups involved in the early colonial era?
Algonquians, Iroquois, and Muskogeans
What are the four roles of the Executive Branch?
President, Vice President, Cabinet Secretaries, and Press Secretary
What is popular sovereignty?
The idea that political power comes from the consent of the people
What was the first and last battle of the American Revolution?
First: Battle of Lexington and Concord
Last: Battle of Yorktown
What was the name of the convention where the Founding Fathers wrote the Constitution we use today?
The Philadelphia Convention
What does "Gold, God, and Glory" mean? (three definitions)
Gold = wealth and economic gain from the Americas
God = convert the Native Americans to Christianity
Glory = power and fame for the explorers and their country
What is federalism?
How powers are divided between the federal and state governments
What is Social Contract Theory?
The idea that people agree to give up some freedoms to a government in exchange for protection and order.
What was the importance of the Battle of Saratoga?
The French allied with the colonists and gave them troops and supplies.
Describe the difference between Federalists and Anti-federalists. (What did they believe about government and what did they support?)
Federalists = strong central government + liked the Constitution
Anti-federalists = weak central government + demanded inclusion of the Bill of Rights
What was a major cause of the French and Indian War?
Disputes over the land in the Ohio River Valley
What are the roles/purposes of the three branches of government?
Legislative = writes/makes the laws
Executive = enforces/executes the laws
Judicial = judges the laws