Civil War
Enslaved people counted as three-fifths of a person in purposes of taxes and representation altering state population, changes House of Representatives and Electoral College
What is the 3/5th Compromise?
Attack by Confederate troops on a Union fort located in South Carolina that results in the Union soldiers being forced to leave.
What is the Attack at Fort Sumter?
Restrictive laws enacted in the post-Civil War Southern states from 1865 to 1866 designed to maintain cheap labor forces
What are Black Codes?
Period of time from 1890s to 1920s characterized by widespread social and political reforms aimed to improve American society by addressing corruption in businesses, as well as issues with poverty, working conditions, and immigration.
What is the Progressive Era?
Rapid industrial growth and technological advancements from the 1870s to the early 1900s.
What is the Second Industrial Revolution?
Election between Abraham Lincoln (against spreading slavery in the western territories, but keep slavery where it is) and John Breckinridge (for spreading slavery to the western territories, wanted federal control of slavery).
What is the election of 1860?
First battle of the Civil War that demoralized the Union troops, had heavy casualties, showed that this was not going to be a quick war and there was a high financial burden
What is the Battle of Bull Run?
1896 Supreme Court case in which racial segregation was deemed constitutional as long as there were equal facilities for the different races. “Separate but equal”.
What is Plessy v Ferguson?
Investigative journalist or authors who exposed corruption, scandal, or wrongdoings being done during the Progressive Era
What are muckrakers?
An organized association (group) of workers formed to protect and further the rights and interests of workers.
What are labor unions?
South Carolina, Texas, Florida, Mississippi, Alabama, Louisiana, Georgia, Tennessee, North Carolina, Arkansas and Virginia claim independence from the Union following Abraham Lincoln being named President of the United States
What is the secession of the South?
Bloodiest battle of the war, turning point in the war, started to end Confederate hopes of becoming its own independent nation.
What is the Battle of Gettysburg?
Abolishes slavery and involuntary servitude, unless the punishment for a crime
What is the 13th Amendment?
Wealthy businessmen who use their wealth to create opportunities for societal growth (libraries, schools, hospitals).
What are Captains of Industry?
The process of making an area more urban (cities)
What is urbanization?
Famous speech given by President Lincoln on the Gettysburg battlefield honoring the fallen soldiers and claiming their sacrifices are necessary for the survival of our nation.
What is the Gettysburg Address?
Supreme Court case where an enslaved man tried to sue his master for freedom because they were in a free state. U.S. Court decided that enslaved people were not considered citizens and could not sue in a federal court
What is Dred Scott v. Sanford, 1857?
Guarantees citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States, including those who were previously enslaved, and ensures equal protection under the law for all citizens.
What is the 14th Amendment?
Wealthy businessmen who gained their wealth through unethical business practices and kept their wealth for themselves.
What are Robber Barons?
Policy of protecting the interests of native-born or established inhabitants against those of immigrants
What is nativism?
Military decree issued by President Lincoln to promote Union support by southern slaves (if they joined the Union, they would be freed from slavery)
What is the Emancipation Proclamation?
Compromise in which the House of Representatives made three important decisions: Maine is free, Missouri is a slave state, and the 36 30’ line separates free states from slave states
What is the Missouri Compromise of 1820?
Prohibits the United States from denying or abridging the right to vote based on race, color or previous condition of servitude (slavery)
What is the 15th Amendment?
Movement from 1848 to 1920 in which women petitioned for their right to vote, leading to the passing of the 19th Amendment in 1920.
What is the Women's Suffrage Movement?
The promise of a better life through hard work and determination, offering equal opportunity and the potential for upward mobility (continual success)
What is the American Dream?