US History 1
George Washington established a precedent at the end of his Presidency. What was it?
The two term presidency
The Appalachian Mountains
Que es Mercantilismo?
Nationalist economic system designed to maximize exports and minimize imports. During the colonial era, mother countries took raw materials from the colonies to be manufactured into finished products and were sold back to the colonies
Que representa los 13 rayos en la bandera original de los estados unidos?
The 13 original colonies
What is the name of the ocean on the west coast of the United States?
Pacific Ocean
What is salutary neglect?
Hands off approach the British adopted to administer the colonies
Please explain what "Checks and balances" mean as it relates to the US government.
In the U.S. government, checks and balances refers to the separation of power in the government, which is ensured through the establishment of three different branches: the executive branch, the judicial branch, and the legislative branch.
Please explain the platforms of the Federalists and Anti-Federalists.
Federalists: pro-constitution/against B.o.R., supported a stronger central government and weaker state governments, supported relations with Britain
Anti-Federalists: Pro B.o.R... deemed essential. Supported stronger state governments and a weaker central government. More sympathetic to the French
Quien escribio la mayoria de la declaración de independencia?
Thomas Jefferson
What were the first two political parties in US history? What were their platforms?
Federalists and Anti-Federalists.
Federalists: Strong central govt, loose interpretation, national bank, pro-Britain
Anti-Federalists: Strong state govts, strict interpretation, against national bank, pro-France
Porque George Washington declaro neutralidad?
Para preservar nuestro independencia recién ganado
What are the branches of government and what are there responsibilities?
Executive- Enforcing the laws of the land
Legislative-Making laws, declaring war, controlling taxes and spending
Judicial-interpreting the constitutionality of the laws and protecting rights, punishing violators, checking the other two branches
Name three amendments from the Bill of Rights
1. Freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition.
2.Right to keep and bear arms in order to maintain a well regulated militia.
3. No quartering of soldiers.
4. Freedom from unreasonable searches and seizures.
5. Right to due process of law, freedom from self-incrimination, double jeopardy.
6. Rights of accused persons, e.g., right to a speedy and public trial.
7. Right of trial by jury in civil cases.
8. Freedom from excessive bail, cruel and unusual punishments.
9. Other rights of the people.
10. Powers reserved to the states.
What were the Alien and Sedition Acts?
Naturalization Act - extended time to become citizen to 14 years
Sedition Act - made it illegal to to publish false or malicious writing about the government
Alien Friends Act and Alien Enemies Act allowed for deportation of foreigners who loyalties were suspect.
Please list our first three Presidents in order from first to third.
George Washington
John Adams
Thomas Jefferson
Cual es son cuatro causas de la American Revolution?
Any of the "acts"; sugar, stamp, quartering, Townshend, Coercive, Boston Tea Party
Como se llama los primeros 10 amendments de la constitución?
Bill of Rights
Que es "Sentido Común" para Thomas Paine?
Colonial Independence
Briefly describe Alexander Hamilton's financial plan enacted under the Washington Administrations was.
National Bank, Paying off debt at face value, tariffs, federal govt absorbing the state's individual debts, excise tax (tax on manufactured goods)
Why were the Federalist Papers published between 1787-1788?
To help gain support for the ratification of the constitution
To address the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation, delegates at the Constitutional Convention agreed to...
increase the powers of the central government
Please explain the difference between a Loose versus Strict interpretation of the Constitution.
Loose meant that the Constitution was to be read at face value and between the lines. Much of the powers drawn from this are known as "implied powers" and draw much of their authority from the Elastic Clause/Necessary and Proper Clause.
Strict means that what the Constitution says is what it means and does not allow for much, if any. interpretation as to any implied meaning.
The Supreme Court Justice who was appointed by John Adams and issued the ruling on Marbury v. Madison. Largely considered one of the most impactful judges in Supreme Court history.
Chief Justice John Marshall.
Why was the Great Compromise at the Constitutional Convention important?
Balanced the interests of states with large and small populations
Please explain the facts of the case Marbury v. Madison, as well as the impact of that case.
Adams issues several commissions to newly appointed federal judges using the Judiciary Act of 1789. Commissions were issued up until last moment in office. Was dependent on Jefferson Admin delivering the commissions, but they refused and Marbury sued.
The case established the principle of judicial review, meaning that American courts have the power to strike down laws and statutes that they find to violate the Constitution of the United States