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Pre-colonial times
Early Colonies
Important terms
"Critical Period"
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100
Explain Mercantilism
Mercantilism is an economic system popular in the 1700s in which colonies and mother countries only traded with each other. Colonies provided the raw materials, the mother country created the manufactured or finished goods. It was a crime to trade with other countries
100
What were the "starving times'?
The Starving Time at Jamestown in the Colony of Virginia was a period of starvation during the winter of 1609–1610. ... The colonists, the first group of whom had originally arrived at Jamestown on May 13, 1607, had never planned to grow all of their own food and eventually resorted to cannibalism in order to survive.
100
Suffrage
The right to vote
100
Who was Pontiac?
Pontiac was a Native American Chief, he was responsible for leading Pontiac's rebellion.
100
Who was the leader of Jamestown before the starving time?
John Smith
200
Explain the Columbian Exchange
The widespread transfer of animals, plants, culture, human populations, technology, and ideas between the Americas and the Old World in the 15th and 16th centuries, related to European colonization and trade after Christopher Columbus's 1492 voyage.
200
What were the New England Town Meetings / House of Burgesses / Mayflower Compact
Three examples of early democracy / self-government in the colonies. The Mayflower Compact is the first agreement for democratic self- government [Plymouth Colony]. The House of Burgesses is the first elected legislature with representatives [Virginia colony]. New England Town meetings were very democratic and involved all the adults in the community.
200
Electoral College
A body of people representing the states of the US, who formally cast votes for the election of the president and vice president.
200
The Proclamation Line of 1763
This was the border line created by the British in 1763 separating the English colonies from the Indian Territory. This border line followed the Appalachian mountains. The Proclamation Line of 1763 angered the English colonists who wanted free land in the west as a reward for winning the French and Indian War.
200
What product was responsible for bringing wealth to Jamestown and other southern colonies?
John Rolfe brought tobacco from the Spanish colonies. Tobacco was responsible for initial wealth in Virginia and other southern colonies.
300
Explain the triangular (slave) trade?
This was the Atlantic trade of the 1600s-1800s involving slaves, raw materials, and finished goods in a "triangle" of shipping, with West Africa, the Caribbean and North America, and Europe.
300
Explain the main characteristics of the New England Colonies [Northern Colonies]
People came from England and created the New England colonies primarily for religious freedom. The Separatists founded Plymouth[1620] and the Puritans created Massachusetts Bay Colony [1630]. New England colonies profited from the ocean [fishing and trade] and the forest [fur, lumber], but had rocky, infertile soil.
300
Salutary Neglect
Unofficial policy of British government towards the American colonies in which the British did NOT strictly enforce rules/laws in the colonies (the British "neglected" the colonies). This policy contributed to the development of independent colonial trade practices and self-government. This ends in 1763 because of the expenses of the French and Indian War.
300
What is The Declaration of Independence? Give one of the reasons listed by Jefferson.
Document declaring that the English colonies of North America are now a nation [The United States]. It contains an argument for overthrowing a government that does not protect natural rights, and a list of grievances [complaints] against the King and Parliament of England.
300
Who were the Quakers and what was kind of relationship did they have with other religions and Native Americans?
The Quakers were a a group that settled in PA and were friendly towards all their neighbors, including Native Americans.
400
What is the Magna Carta and why is it important in U.S history?
The Magna Carta is a document that gave English people more rights. It influenced U.S Independence and the constitution.
400
Explain the characteristics of the Southern Colonies
Starting with Jamestown in 1607, Southern colonies emphasized fertile land, long growing season, plantation farming and slavery [tobacco and other agricultural products]
400
How many terms (or years) can a president serve?
2 terms or 4 years
400
What were some of the reasons why the relationship between the colonists and the British became negative after the French and Indian war? (give at least 2)
- British did not think colonists fought hard enough. - Colonists were hoping to move west and were unable to do so because of the Proclamation Line. - The British started to tax colonists - The colonists felt that they were owed land in the Ohio River Valley.
400
Who were the Puritans and what kind of society did they establish?
The Puritans settled in New England, their society was extremely strict. People who did not follow the rules would be exiled or even killed.
500
What is the difference between Representative & Direct Democracy
In a representative democracy, the people elect/choose representatives to govern the country. In a direct democracy, the people themselves govern the country without representatives. The US is a representative democracy
500
Explain the characteristics of the Middle Colonies
The Middle Colonies emphasized business and farming and were more tolerance of differences in religion and culture.
500
Are senators an example of direct or representative democracy?
Senators represent states and are therefore an example of representative democracy.
500
What is the importance of the Ohio River Valley?
The Ohio River Valley is extremely fertile and close to large bodies of water. This land was first promised to the Colonists after the French and Indian war but given to the Native Americans after Pontiac's rebellion.
500
How many electoral votes does a candidate need in order to win an election in the U.S?
270 votes are needed in order to win.