Post Civil War/Reconstruction
13th
The act that was instituted to assist in the expansion and development of western lands.
Homestead Act
The first big business in America
Railroad Industry
Location where "new immigrants" were coming from
Eastern/Central Europe
The upper middle class, often it was the women like Jane Adams who activated for social change.
Progressivists
Intended to secure access to paid labor, schools, and medicine for former slaves
Freedman's Bureau
Transformation of Black Politics - heavy decline and attempted elimination of black voting
Whenever a person or business sets out to own every step or aspect of production, assembly, and transportation.
Vertical integration
Growth of cities; seen through the growing populations as well as growth of innovations such as the Brooklyn Bridge
Urbanism
Investigative journalists who exposed "facts" about American Problems in literature (newspapers, magazines, etc)
Muckrakers
Laws designed to restrict freedoms of former slaves in the 1860s
Black Codes
Belief of many white Americans that the US had a divine right to fill up and dominate the continent and that it was a sign of progress
Manifest Destiny
Legally binding deal merging many companies in the same industry under the direction of a board
Trust
Argued that certain "races" inherited certain negative qualities
Scientific Racism
This middle class woman, having witnessed special boarding houses on a trip to London, sought to recreate them in America
Jane Adams
Returning a fraction of the harvest to the land owner as rent
Sharecropping
1887 law that started the breakup of reservations by offering Native Americans allotments of land to encourage independent farming
Dawes Severalty Act
Less regulation, more freedoms for businesses
Laissez-faire ideology
Low cost dumbbell shaped buildings that provided housing for the growing urban population (mostly immigrants and their entire families)
Tenement Building
This was the pseudo science or common belief that others were inherently better than others and was often measured how well they did in society
Social Darwinism
President elected into office after Johnson's Impeachment
Ulysses S Grant
They wanted to regain the "old South" (pre Civil War) and did what they could to maintain white control
Redeemers
These steel tycoons illustrate the process of developing and industrial corporation.
Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller
Included overcrowding and disease, unpaved streets jammed with people, and bad sewage disposal that polluted the drinking water
Living Conditions in Urban slums
Civil Service merit standards and procedures for government jobs were outlined in this 1883 act.
Pendleton Act