EXPLORATION, COLONIZATION, COLONIAL REGIONS
What was the primary motivation for European exploration in the 15th and 16th centuries?
God, Gold, Glory. Expand empire, spread religion, become wealthy.
What document declared the American colonies independent from Britain?
Declaration of Independence
What is the supreme law of the land?
The Constitution
What invention helped increase the speed of communication in the 19th century?
The telegraph
What movement aimed to end slavery in the United States?
Abolitionist Movement
Name one of the first permanent English settlements in North America.
Jamestown, Virginia
Plymouth, Massachusetts
Name one key battle of the American Revolution.
Saratoga, Trenton, Yorktown
What was the significance of the Louisiana Purchase?
Doubled the size of the U.S.
Describe one impact of the Industrial Revolution on American society.
More jobs, overcrowding, pollution, urbanization.
Who was Frederick Douglass?
An abolitionist leader
What was the impact of the Columbian Exchange on the Americas?
Exchange of crops, animals, and diseases.
What was the main reason the colonists revolted against British rule?
Taxation without representation
What was the Indian Removal Act?
Forceful removal of Native Americans from their homelands.
What was the Manifest Destiny?
The idea that America has a God given right to own land from coast to coast (expand westward).
What were the key causes of the Civil War?
Sectionalism, states' rights, slavery.
Describe the climate and geography of the Middle Colonies.
Mild, warm climate. Fertile soil for small farms.
What was the significance of the Treaty of Paris 1783?
Formally recognized the colonies' (nation) independence and established its borders.
What was the Nullification Crisis?
South Carolina threatening to secede over unfair tariffs implemented by the federal government.
Name one major reform movement of the 19th century.
Prison, mental health, education, women rights, civil rights, etc.
Who was the president during the Civil War?
Abraham Lincoln
How did the economies of the Northern and Southern colonies differ?
The Northern colonies focused on manufacturing and shipbuilding while the Southern colonies primarily relied on agriculture, particularly the production of cash crops like cotton, rice, and tobacco.
How did the Federalists and Anti-Federalists differ in their views of government?
Federalists supported a strong central government while Anti-Federalist supported states' rights.
What is the purpose of the Bill of Rights?
To protect individual liberties and avoid abuse of government power.
How did the expansion westward lead to conflicts with Native Americans?
Conflicts over land ownership and destruction of Native Americans cultural way of life.
Explain the main goals of the Reconstruction era.
Return the Southern states into the Union, establish civil rights for newly freed African Americans, and rebuild the Southern economy.