Forming a the nation
Established a loose federal confederation
Articles of Confederation
First President of the U.S.
George Washington
How many states were needed to ratify the U.S. Constitution?
9 out of 13
What elects a president?
Electoral College
What are the three branches of government
Legislative Branch, Executive Branch, Judicial Branch
Right to keep and bear arms
2nd amendment
Vice president under Washington
John Adams
Why were the Articles of Confederation not successful?
Congress couldn't
Tax
Regulate interstate commerce
Enforce its own decrees
Have a federal army
First American bishop
John Carroll
Government that favored big states because on popular vote
VA Plan
Favored small states by a one state, one vote system
New Jersey Plan
Name two powers the Legislative branch has and two powers the Executive branch has.
taxation, coin money, declare war, regulate commerce, make laws
commander in chief, veto laws, execute laws, executive orders, appoint officials
Warrant to search and seizure
4th amendment
Adams sent ships to fight France without having Congress declare war
Established a process for new states to be added to the Union
Northwest Ordinance 1787
A political group that desired state sovereignty preservation
Anti-Federalist
Federalist paper that established the separation of powers theory
Federalist 51
Plan that established two houses the House of Representative and Senate where each state would get 2 reps
Connecticut Plan (Great Compromise)
How does one become a member the of House of Representative? What are some requirements? How long are you in office for?
Must be 25 years old, must be a U.S. citizen for 7 years
popular vote based on population of district
2 years
All powers not listed are reserved to the states
10th amendment
Washington issued this to keep the U.S. out of war with France and Britain
Neutrality Proclamation 1793
This Federalist paper described how to remedy a faction
Federalist 10
The 3 writers of the Federalist papers
Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, James Madison
Compromise between the Federalists and Anti-Federalist
Bill of Rights
This allows people to change the Constitution
Amendments
Clause found in Article I Sec. 8 establishing Congress has the power to do this to carry out their listed powers
Necessary and proper clause
Name the 5-8 amendments
5. due process, right to not self incriminate
6. fair and speedy trial
7. trial by jury
8. no cruel and unusual punishment nor excessive bail
What was the debate over the U.S. Bank? Who were the two individuals and what were their arguments.
Hamilton-implied power under the necessary and proper clause
Jefferson-unconstitutional because it is not a listed power
Explain the differences between the U.S. Constitution and the Articles of Confederation
U.S. Constitution centralizes power in three branches of government and establishes the federal system. Federal government being over the state governments but both equal in their spheres.
Articles of Confederation was the states forming without an executive or judicial branch. Congress did not have the power to tax, raise an army or enforce anything.
Two political parties that formed under Washington's presidency. What did they both believe?
Federalist-strong centralized government, emphasis on manufacturing economy
Democratic Republicans-diffusion of power to the states, agrarian economy
Washington's Secretary of State
Washington's Secretary of Treasury
Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton
President makes a treaty the Senate approves
What are the powers of the Senate?
approve executive appointments
approve treaties
create laws
Name all 5 freedoms in the 1st amendment
Freedom of speech, religion, press, petition, assemble
What were the two controversial acts passed under John Adams presidency? What did they do?
Sedition Act-censored speech
Alien Laws-president can deport dangerous foreigners