New England Colonies
These four colonies made up the New England region.
What are Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Connecticut, and Rhode Island?
Because they grew massive surplus crops of wheat, barley, and rye, the Middle Colonies earned this nickname
What are the "Breadbasket Colonies"
Warm weather, long growing seasons, and fertile coastal plains encouraged the development of this large agricultural system in the South
What is the plantation system?
The spread of these foreign germs brought across the ocean caused up to 90% mortality in some Native communities.
What are European infectious diseases (like smallpox or measles)?
These European workers agreed to labor for 4 to 7 years in exchange for boat passage to North America
Who are indentured servants?
Cold climate, short growing seasons, and rocky soil prevented this type of farming in New England.
What is large-scale (or plantation) farming
Deep navigable rivers allowed Middle Colony farmers to transport grain easily to these two major port cities
What are Philadelphia and New York city?
This term describes agricultural crops grown specifically to be sold for profit rather than consumed by the framer's family
What is cash crop?
Native Americans suffered severe epidemics because their immune systems lacked this defense against European germs.
What is natural immunity?
Upon finishing their contract, indentured servants received these startup supplies, which often included clothing, tools, or land.
What are "freedom dues"?
Dense forests in New England provided this natural resource, which was crucial for shipbuilding
What is timber for wood?
This religious group settled in Pennsylvania and advocated for peace, equality, and fair treatment of all people
Who are the Quakers?
Name two of the three main cash crops grown on Southern plantations
What are tobacco, rice, and indigo? (Any two)
European settlers viewed land as private property, but Native Americans held this view of land.
What is a shared community resource?
This horrific ocean voyage forcibly brought millions of kidnapped Africans across the Atlantic to the Americas.
What is the Middle Passage?
New England citizens gathered at these events to discuss and vote on local laws, establishing direct self-government
What are town meetings?
This founder established Pennsylvania as a safe haven of religious tolerance and freedom
Who was William Penn?
Instead of building compact towns like New England, the Southern colonies developed this type of layout.
What is a rural, spread-out settlement pattern?
This conflict in New England erupted when Chief Metacom led an uprising against settlers taking Native lands.
What was King Philip's War?
Unlike indentured servitude, enslaved status differed in these two major legal ways.
What are being permanent (lifelong) and inherited by children at birth?
this building served as the central focal point for both civic governance and religious life in New England
What is the meetinghouse (or town church)
Compared to New England and the South, the Middle Colonies were best known for having the highest amount of this population trait.
What is cultural and religious diversity?
The Southern economy became heavily dependent on this specific labor force to maintain high plantation profits.
What is enslaved labor?
The arrival of this European animal completely transformed how Plains tribes traveled and hunted buffalo.
What is the horse?
Under this economic system, colonies existed to supply raw materials to the mother country and purchase its manufactured goods.
What is mercantilism?