Causes of War
What was the immediate cause of the War? (#2)
Franz Ferdinand (heir to Austria Hungary) assassination by Serbian Princip
Which country did the U.S. have strongest cultural ties with leading up to our entry into the war? #10
Great Britain
How did the government finance the war effort? #18
WAR BONDS (& taxes)
What impact did new technology have in WWI? #4
massive casualties (high death count)
What was Wilson's plan for peace called? #6
The Fourteen Points
Who made up the Triple Entente? (#3)
Great Britain, France, & Russia
What was the Zimmerman Telegram? #10
What was the purpose of the Committee on Public Information? #15
"Sell" the American public on the war
What strategy for fighting was used in WWI? #5
trench warfare (stalemate)
What was the main focus of the Fourteen Points? #6
Prevent another war/keep peace
*CREATE A LEAGUE OF NATIONS! = international peacekeeping organization
Who made up the Triple Alliance? (#3)
Germany, Austria Hungary, & Italy
Why did unrestricted submarine warfare lead to the U.S. entering WWI? #10
U.S. got mad that Germany was interfering with American security and trade by sinking ships with Americans on board (ex: Lusitania)
*Hurt our freedom of the seas!
What authorized conscription in the U.S.? (add this to study guide!)
Selective Service Act of 1917
What did the Schenck v. U.S. ruling impact Americans during WWI? #17
it limited 1st amendment right to free speech - not absolute
can't say something that creates a "clear & present danger"
Where were most new countries that were created after WWI located? #20
Central & Eastern Europe (Where Austria-Hungarian Empire, Russian Empire, and Ottoman Empire fell apart)
Who made up the Allied and Central Powers once the war started? (#3)
Allies - U.S., Britain, France, Russia, Italy (switches)
Central - Austria Hungary, Germany, Ottoman Empire
How did African Americans participate in WWI in the military & at home? #13
military - segregated units under white officers
at home - Great Migration - factory jobs up North
How was criticism of the war silenced at home? #12
Espionage & Sedition Acts made it illegal to criticize the war publicly
Why did Wilson give his "safe for democracy" speech in 1917? #11
Convince Congress to declare war on Germany
Justify U.S. entering WWI
Explain why the U.S. did not ratify the Treaty of Versailles. #8
Senators against U.S. joining League of Nations
no foreign entanglements
be isolationist
What were the four long term cause of World War I, and how did they cause war? #1
M.A.I.N.
Militarism - building up army & navy
Alliances - made all of Europe fight once Austria Hungary & Serbia went to war
Imperialism - fighting for colonies worldwide
Nationalism - assassination, self-determination
How did women participate in World War I (both in the military and the home front)?
Women at home- worked in factories at home (got 19th amendment - women's suffrage passed)
Women at military - non-combat roles - auxiliary positions (nurses, ambulance drivers, secretaries, etc...)
How did the U.S. government ensure enough supplies were available for troops? #19
Food & Fuel Administrations encouraged voluntary rationing - save food & fuel for soldiers/war effort by consuming less at home
Also, National War Labor Board prevents strikes!
Describe why Russia left the war early & the impact this had on the war. (And to study guide!)
Russian Tsar Nicholas II kicked out of power & Bolshevik Revolution led by Vladimir Lenin puts communists in power in Russia, who sign separate peace treaty.
Made it so Germany only had to concentrate on the Western front!
What were the major provisions of the Treaty of Versailles? #7
-Germany pays reparations
-war guilt clause (Germany blamed)
-Occupied Rhineland
-Germany loses territory/colonies
-Germany military limited