US Becomes World Power
Name one cause of the Spanish-American War?
Sinking of the USS Maine
Yellow Journalism
What did the 19th amendment do?
Create women's suffrage
Describe conditions in Japanese Internment Camps with at least 3 specific details
-Taught "American values" and patriotism in schools that were overcrowded and under-resourced
-Not required to work but many did out of boredom - helped the war industry
-Families kept together, lived in communal barracks with many other families. Very cramped and unsanitary.
-Fed and given medicine, but not enough and not high quality so many died of disease and malnutrition
What is NATO?
North Atlantic Treaty Organization - created during Cold War as an alliance of capitalist countries (original members: US, UK, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, Belgium, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal). Said an attack on any one of these countries would be treated as an attack on all of them.
Soviets created Warsaw Pact in reaction to this, bringing together countries under their influence (Poland, Hungary, Romania, East Germany, etc.) for the same purpose
Summarize the differences between the ideologies of MLK and Malcolm X
MLK: nonviolence / civil disobedience is the best path forward for the Civil Rights Movement. Supported full integration.
Malcolm X: violence is necessary in Civil Rights because violence is being done to them. Supported Black Separatism / Black Power
What was the Zimmerman Telegram / what is its significance
Telegram from Germany to Mexico telling them if they attacked US in WWI, that when they won Mexico would get to take land from the US. Intercepted by US, helped push us into WWI
Why did the KKK come back in the 1920s?
The Birth of a Nation movie
Name 4 major Allied Powers and 3 major Axis powers
Allied: US, UK, France, USSR, China
Axis: Germany, Italy, Japan
Summarize the Cuban Missile Crisis and explain its significance.
Soviet Union secretly put nuclear weapons in Cuba. US found out through use of airplanes over Cuba. Huge concern because Cuba is so close to the US. JFK demanded they be removed, Soviet Union only removed them when US agreed to remove their missiles from Türkiye
Name any 3 specific major victories of the Civil Rights Movement
Voting Rights Act
Civil Rights Act 1964
Brown v Board
Fair Housing Act
Civil Rights Act 1968
Name any 3 things Wilson wanted in the 14 Points treaty to end WWI
1. Open diplomacy without secret treaties
2. Economic free trade on the seas during war and peace
3. Equal trade conditions
4. Decrease armaments among all nations
5. Adjust colonial claims
6. Evacuation of all Central Powers from Russia and allow it to define its own independence
7. Belgium to be evacuated and restored
8. Return of Alsace-Lorraine region and all French territories
9. Readjust Italian borders
10. Austria-Hungary to be provided an opportunity for self-determination
11. Redraw the borders of the Balkan region creating Roumania, Serbia and Montenegro
12. Creation of a Turkish state with guaranteed free trade in the Dardanelles
13. Creation of an independent Polish state
14. Creation of the League of Nations
What amendment created Prohibition?
Which amendment ended it?
Created: 18
Ended: 21
What are 2 causes of the Great Depression
-People borrowed more on credit than they could afford
-People borrowed money to purchase stocks
-Stock market crash (Black Tuesday)
-Run on banks caused mass bank failures
-Farms overprotective, led to decline in value of what they produced, led to farm closures
Summarize Watergate
President Nixon was caught wiretapping the Democratic National Convention prior to his reelection campaign. Was about to be impeached, so he resigned. Ford pardoned Nixon for the crime.
Name and define the two classifications of segregation we learned, and give an example of each
De jure: created directly by laws
De facto: created as a side effect of a law that is technically race-blind
What was the case of Schenck v US about / what was the verdict in this case?
Question: does free speech give people the right to speak against the draft?
Answer: First amendment does NOT cover speech that causes a "clear and present danger"
Give 3 specific pieces of evidence the Progressive era WAS NOT truly Progressive
Answers vary but examples:
-Resurgence of the KKK
-Great Migration movement because of racial violence
-Immigration Act of 1924 limited immigration
-Women's suffrage not equal for women of color
-Eugenics movement
-anti-labor union laws
-Creation of organized crime because of prohibition, increased rates of alcohol abuse among minors, alcohol became far more deadly as people brewed it illegally at home
What was the MAIN justification given by the US for use of the atomic bomb (ONLY give the biggest reason)
Believed it would save more lives than it ended - said if the war continued, hundreds of thousands more people would die on both sides in the fighting
What was the Marshall Plan?
US Cold War strategy in which they gave financial aid to rebuild Europe from WWII damage as long as countries promised to oppose communism
Describe the cause and effect of the Montgomery Boycotts
Cause: Rosa Parks
Impact: 381 day bus boycott, eventually ruled racially segregated buses violated 14th amendment, successful integration of transportation. MLK rises as a leader in the civil rights movement
Describe how the United States acquired Hawaii as a state
American sugar planters force Queen Liliuokalani to accept "bayonet constitution" limiting her power. Queen Liliuokalani refuses to follow this and returns power to the monarchy. Planters stage a coup, overthrow her, then US takes Hawaii in 1898. Officially becomes a state in 1959.
Give 3 specific pieces of evidence the Progressive era WAS truly progressive
Answers vary but examples:
-Women's Suffrage
-Harlem Renaissance
-Food safety laws pass after the Jungle published
-anti-monopoly laws
-Labor reforms like minimum wage and child labor laws
-Prohibition decreased domestic abuse rates, alcohol abuse rates, crime rates, etc.
Name and/or describe any 3 specific policies that fell under the New Deal
Answers vary but some include:
-creation of social security
-civilian conservation corps, works progress agency, Tennessee valley authority, etc. federal jobs programs
-regulation of economy such as FDIC to insure banks
Explain the cause and effect of the Vietnam War
1954 Vietnam is divided in two parts: South of 17th parallel became the State of Vietnam (capitalist, led by Ngo Dinh Diem with US support) and the North became the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. 1955 Communists in the South try to overthrow Diem to reunify Vietnam under communism. US and Soviets enter the war to try and make sure their ideology won. End result: US leaves Vietnam in 1973, South Vietnam fell to the North and was reunified under communism.
Name and describe any 3 systems that caused residential discrimination
Redlining: label certain communities on maps as risky investments so banks would not give mortgages to people in them. Mostly occurred in communities of color, making home ownership nearly impossible. Major cause of continued racial wealth gaps, as people of color could not buy a house and pass it down within their family
Racial Covenants: enforceable contracts people signed upon buying a house that said when they sold it in the future, they could ONLY sell to white people
Sundown Towns: towns that stayed all-white by creating laws that said all people of color had to be out of town by sundown each day
Blockbusting: real estate agents pressured white families to sell their homes whenever people of color moved in nearby
GI Bill Discrimination: promised to help veterans get housing, gave over $33 billion in low interest home loans but almost none to Black veterans
Zoning Laws: towns put limits on building of low income/POC housing
Harassment: when people of color tried to integrate neighborhoods, they often faced property damage, threats, and violence from their neighbors