Roads to Conflict
This 1820 agreement drew a line at the 36'/ 30' parallel to balance slave and free states.
Many expected the war to be short because of this "City of Brotherly Love" sentiment, but it lasted four years due to modern weaponry and defensive tactics.
Philadelphia Sentiment
These laws were passed by Southern states after the 13th Amendment to restrict the freedom of Black laborers.
The Black Codes
This 1868 treaty initially gave the Sioux ownership of the Black Hills and hunting rights in South Dakota.
Fort Laramie Treaty
This famous speech by Russell Conwell argued that greatness and wealth were available to anyone in their own backyard.
Acres of Diamonds
This term describes the policy where settlers in a territory, rather than Congress, voted on the legality of slavery.
Popular Sovereignty
These 1858 political face-offs in Illinois made Abraham Lincoln a national figure, despite him losing the Senate race.
Lincoln-Douglas Debates
The 14th and 15th Amendments caused a split in this movement because they did not include voting rights for females.
The Civil Rights Movement
The US broke its treaties regarding the Black Hills primarily because of the discovery of this precious metal.
Gold
Andrew Carnegie believed in this "Gospel," which stated the rich should use their wealth for the public good (like libraries) rather than handouts.
The Gospel of Wealth
James K. Polk used this Latin term, meaning "an act or event that provokes or justifies war," to incite conflict with Mexico.
Cassus Belli
The North’s victory was largely fueled by this economic system, which provided superior manufacturing and mass production of supplies.
Early Industrial Capitalism
This 1876 political standoff resulted in the removal of federal troops from the South, effectively ending Reconstruction.
Election of 1876
These "iron horses" were the primary method used by the government to physically and economically unite the East and West coasts.
The Trans-Continental Railroads
One major negative outcome of 1870s capitalism was the rise of these, which eliminated "wasteful" competition and hurt small businesses.
Trusts
While the Founders hoped slavery would "die out," this 1840s event along with the invention of the cotton gin, forced the issue by adding massive new Western territories.
The Mexican American War
This specific industrial tool allowed the Union to move troops and supplies faster than the South ever could.
Railroads
This amendment technically abolished slavery but contained a "punishment for crime" loophole used to justify convict leasing.
13th Amendment
By the 1880s, This US policy shifted from treating Native American tribes as sovereign nations to forcing them onto reservations.
The Dawes Act
The "Acres of Diamonds" speech reflected the American belief in this concept—the idea that success is based purely on individual effort.
Hard Work - Individual Effort
This 1850s violent preview of the Civil War occurred when pro- and anti-slavery settlers flocked to the same territory to influence its vote.
Bleeding Kansas
This post-war agency was created to provide food, medical care, and education to formerly enslaved people.
The Freedmen's Bureau
Critics argue the Freedman’s Bureau failed in this specific goal because it could not provide long-term land ownership to the formerly enslaved.
40 Acres and A Mule
The Sioux considered this specific geographic area "paha sapa," or the sacred center of the world.
The Black Hills
While Carnegie didn't give money to individuals, he donated millions to build these institutions to help people "help themselves."
Libraries