Developing a Claim
If an author gives three reasons and evidence to prove school uniforms improve behavior, what is the author developing?
A claim (or thesis)
“The exhausted runner collapsed onto the bench.”
What does exhausted most likely mean?
Very tired, lacking energy
A passage explains how volcanoes form step by step.
What text structure is used?
Sequence (or chronological order)
Rhetorical strategies like ethos, pathos, and logos are used to persuade an audience by showing trustworthiness, appealing to emotions, giving reasons and facts, or encouraging people to follow what others are doing.
“As a firefighter who has rescued dozens of families, I can tell you that smoke alarms save lives.”
What rhetorical device is used?
A. Emotion ("PATHOS")
B. Logic ("LOGOS")
C. Credibility/Experience ("ETHOS")
C. Credibility/Experience ("ETHOS")
What strategy means stopping to think about what you are reading to make sure you understand it?
Monitoring / Checking for Understanding
An author states, “Social media negatively affects teens' sleep habits.” Then provides statistics and expert quotes.
What is the purpose of the statistics and quotes?
To support and strengthen the claim
“The room was illuminated, bright and glowing from the candles.”
What does illuminated mean?
Lit up / made bright
A text explains a problem with plastic pollution and then offers solutions.
What structure is used?
Problem and solution
Rhetorical strategies like ethos, pathos, and logos are used to persuade an audience by showing trustworthiness, appealing to emotions, giving reasons and facts, or encouraging people to follow what others are doing.
“Think about the poor puppies left out in the cold—don’t you want to help them?”
What rhetorical device is used?
A. Emotion ("PATHOS")
B. Logic ("LOGOS")
C. Credibility/Experience ("ETHOS")
A. Emotion ("PATHOS")
Which strategy helps you figure out the meaning of a tricky word by looking at the words around it?
Using Context Clues
If an author includes a counterargument (argument opposite to theirs) and then explains why it is weak, what is the author doing?
Refining or strengthening the claim by addressing opposing views
“The politician’s speech was full of empty promises and vague statements.”
What is the connotation of vague?
Negative (unclear, not specific)
An author describes two leaders and explains how they are alike and different.
What structure is used?
Compare and contrast
Rhetorical strategies like ethos, pathos, and logos are used to persuade an audience by showing trustworthiness, appealing to emotions, giving reasons and facts, or encouraging people to follow what others are doing.
“Imagine how scared you would feel if your family didn’t have clean drinking water.”
A. Emotion ("PATHOS")
B. Logic ("LOGOS")
C. Credibility/Experience ("ETHOS")
A. Emotion ("PATHOS")
When you make a guess about what will happen next in a story or text, which reading strategy are you using?
Predicting/Inferencing
Why would an author organize reasons from weakest to strongest?
To build a stronger final impact and persuade the reader
“The desert was arid, receiving little to no rainfall each year.”
What does arid mean?
Dry
Why would an author use cause and effect structure in an article about climate change?
To show how actions lead to consequences
Rhetorical strategies like ethos, pathos, and logos are used to persuade an audience by showing trustworthiness, appealing to emotions, giving reasons and facts, or encouraging people to follow what others are doing.
“Recycling just one aluminum can saves enough energy to run a TV for three hours.”
What rhetorical device is used?
A. Emotion ("PATHOS")
B. Logic ("LOGOS")
C. Credibility/Experience ("ETHOS")
C. Credibility/Experience ("ETHOS")
You read a long passage and write a short version of the most important ideas in your own words. Which strategy is this?
Summarizing
The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe is an example of this genre involving magic, imaginary worlds, and mythical creatures.
What is fantasy?
This figurative language compares two unlike things using “like” or “as.”
What is a simile?
When an author gives human characteristics to animals or objects, this is being used.
What is personification?
This part of plot is where the main conflict reaches its highest point of tension.
What is the climax?
This point of view uses the pronouns “I,” “me,” and “my” to tell the story.
What is first-person point of view?