Expansion
This 1898 conflict between the United States and Spain resulted in the U.S. acquiring territories like Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines, marking a significant step in America's emergence as a global power.
What is the Spanish-American War?
This extension of the Monroe Doctrine, articulated by President Theodore Roosevelt in 1904, asserted that the U.S. had the right to intervene in Latin American countries to maintain stability and protect American interests.
What is the Roosevelt Corollary?
This U.S. president, serving from 1913 to 1921, led the country through World War I, advocating for the League of Nations and the principles outlined in his Fourteen Points, but faced opposition in securing U.S. membership in the League after the war.
Who is Woodrow Wilson?
Formed after World War I as part of President Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points, this international organization aimed to prevent future conflicts, but the U.S. Senate refused to ratify the Treaty of Versailles, preventing the U.S. from joining.
What is the League of Nations?
This period, particularly after World War I and during the early years of the Cold War, saw widespread fear of communism in the U.S., leading to government crackdowns on suspected radicals, labor leaders, and immigrants.
What is the Red Scare?
This conflict, fought from 1899 to 1902, arose after the U.S. annexed the Philippines following the Spanish-American War, leading to a brutal insurgency by Filipino nationalists seeking independence.
What is the Philippine-American War?
As part of American expansion in the early 20th century, this strategic waterway, completed in 1914, connected the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, bolstering U.S. military and economic influence in the Western Hemisphere and beyond.
What is the Panama Canal?
These government agencies, such as the War Industries Board and the Food Administration, were created during World War I to oversee production, resources, and rationing, ensuring that the U.S. economy supported the war effort efficiently.
What are wartime boards?
This 1919 peace agreement officially ended World War I, imposing harsh reparations and territorial losses on Germany, while also establishing the League of Nations, though the U.S. did not ratify the treaty.
What is the Treaty of Versailles?
These 1919-1920 raids, led by Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer, aimed to arrest and deport suspected radicals, anarchists, and communists during the First Red Scare, resulting in the violation of civil liberties for many individuals.
What are the Palmer Raids?
This policy, characterized by the U.S. extending its power and influence through diplomacy, military force, and territorial acquisition, was evident in actions like the annexation of Hawaii, the acquisition of the Philippines, and the construction of the Panama Canal.
What is American imperialism?
This policy, favored by the U.S. during the early stages of both World War I and World War II, advocated for non-involvement in foreign conflicts, aiming to avoid entanglement in European wars.
What is neutrality?
Passed in 1917 during World War I, this law made it a crime to interfere with military operations, support U.S. enemies, or obstruct military recruitment, and was used to suppress dissent against the war.
What is the Espionage Act?
These principles, outlined by President Woodrow Wilson in 1918, were intended to guide peace negotiations and promote lasting global stability after World War I, including proposals for free trade, self-determination, and the creation of the League of Nations.
What are the Fourteen Points?
In the early 20th century, the U.S. implemented a series of laws, including the Emergency Quota Act (1921) and the Immigration Act of 1924, to limit the number of immigrants from certain countries, particularly targeting Southern and Eastern Europeans and Asians.
What are immigration restrictions?
This private letter, written by the Spanish ambassador to the U.S., criticized President William McKinley, calling him weak and ineffectual. Its publication in 1898 fueled anti-Spanish sentiment and contributed to the outbreak of the Spanish-American War.
What is the De Lôme Letter?
This German tactic during World War I involved sinking any ship, including civilian and neutral vessels, around Britain without warning, which contributed to the U.S. entering the war after the sinking of ships like the Lusitania.
What is unrestricted submarine warfare?
This labor leader and five-time presidential candidate was imprisoned in 1918 for his anti-war activism and violation of the Espionage Act, but remained a prominent figure in American socialism.
Who is Eugene Debs?
This political and economic ideology, developed by Karl Marx, advocates for the abolition of private property and the establishment of a classless society, where the means of production are owned and controlled by the working class.
What is communism?
Ratified in 1919, this amendment prohibited the manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcoholic beverages in the United States, leading to the era of Prohibition until its repeal in 1933.
What is the 18th Amendment?
This treaty, signed in December 1898, ended the Spanish-American War, with Spain ceding Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines to the United States, marking the U.S.'s rise as an imperial power.
What is the Treaty of Paris 1898?
This secret diplomatic communication from Germany to Mexico, intercepted by the British in 1917, proposed a military alliance against the United States and was a key factor in the U.S. decision to enter World War I.
What is the Zimmerman Telegram?
This movement, occurring from 1916 to 1970, saw over six million African Americans relocate from the rural South to urban areas in the North and West, seeking better job opportunities, escaping racial segregation, and improving their quality of life.
What is the Great Migration?
This political and economic system advocates for the collective or governmental ownership of the means of production and distribution of goods, aiming to reduce inequality and provide for the welfare of all citizens.
What is socialism?
Ratified in 1920, this amendment granted women the right to vote in the United States, marking a significant victory in the women’s suffrage movement.
What is the 19th Amendment?