People
Business
The Market
Agencies/Acts
F.D.R.
100
Most people blamed this President for the Great Depression.
Herbert Hoover
He failed to recognize the crisis building or to take action to stop it once it happened.
100
Describe what was going on in the Farm Sector of the country as the 1920s came to a close.
Farmers grew more crops and livestock than they could sell at market.
This resulted in a very low demand for their products, causing many to lose farms and homes as they had borrowed heavily to invest in the Wartime economy.
100
Why did people "play" the stock market in the late 1920s?
Get rich quick
Buying on "margin" (not having enough $ to cover losses) was a primary result of "The Crash".
100
Created to help Senior Citizens and the disabled.
Social Security Act/Administration
SSA
100
What was the group of advisers that FDR assembled prior to taking office called (695)?
The Brain Trust
200
This man won the 1932 Presidential Election and quickly set about to take actions to end the Depression.
Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR)
200
The Railroad business lost business to what new forms of transportation during this time?
Trucks, buses and private automobiles
200
What is October 29, 1929 also known as?
Black Tuesday
200
Developed the energy resources of the Tennessee River Valley.
The TVA
Tennessee Valley Authority
200
The program designed by FDR to alleviate the problems of the Great Depression was called?
The New Deal
300
Who pushed FDR to take more actions to help the "fogotten men" of the Great Depression?
His wife, Eleanor Roosevelt
She was not the quiet, stay at home, type.
300
What is the most widely used indicator of the Stock Market's health?
Dow Jones Industrial Average
300
What happened on this date that was significant?
Stock Market Crashed (sell-off, lost confidence in market, huge debts)
300
Protected bank deposits for up to $5,000.00.
Federal Deposit and Insurance Corporation
FDIC
300
The three main purposes of the New Deal were...
relief
recovery
reform
400
Who became the first woman to serve in a President's Cabinet and what position did she have?
Frances Perkins
Secretary of Labor
This appointment was very controversial (at least to men).
400
List three of the new forms of energy being used at this time?
Hydro-electric
fuel oil
natural gas
400
What is a "bull market"?
Lot of buying and profits, strong confidence in the economy.
Note: The opposite of the "Bull Market" is the "Bear Market" (lots of selling, low or not profits and a lack of confidence in the economy)
400
Provided job training for umemployed young people and part-time jobs for needy students.
National Youth Administration
NYA
400
How did many conservatives feel about FDR's New Deal policies?
They felt that it made the federal government too powerful.
500
During the Depression, he created and broadcast "The War of the Worlds" creating a panic in parts of the US for it's realism (even though it was announced as a fictional program at the start).
Orson Welles
Welles is also credited with directing one of the greatest films of all-time": "Citizen Kane".
500
What major industry was hit hard by new forms of energy at this time?
Coal
500
What percentage of the country was unemployed by 1933?
25% (13 Million workers)
500
Supervised the Stock Market and eliminated dishonest business practices.
The Securites and Exchange Commission
SEC
500
What was the "bank holiday"?
Close all banks to stop withdrawals, after EBRA solvent banks reopen.
It lasted for five days.
600
His novel, "The Grapes of Wrath" drew attention to the plight of farmers who were vicimized by the "Dust Bowl" in Oklahoma and went West to California for jobs.
It's very depressing.
John Steinbeck
600
Discuss the major issue with farms at this time.
Farm income declined from $10 Billion to just $4 Billion
Farmers could not pay off debts/loans
Farms were being foreclosed and sold at auction
These key issues can be expaned into an ESSAY
600
What advantage did a farmer have during the Depression that a person in the city did not have?
He could grow his food and feed his family.
600
Aided farmers and regulated crop production.
Agricultural Adjustment Act
AAA
(Declared Unconstitutional by the Supreme Court)
600
What was the "Hundred Days"?
First 100 Days of FDR Administration, many New Deal actions taken 15 New Deal laws passed, govt takes hand in national economy.
700
His painting, "American Gothic" is regarded as one of the greatest paintings by an American artist.
Grant Wood
700
What industry was an important econcomic indicator used at this time?
Housing starts
If housing starts rise, it indicates that the economy is strong and that people have confidence in it.
700
Between 1928 and 1932, what increased by nearly 30 percent?
The suicide rate
700
Provided jobs for civillian males on conservation projects.
Civillian Conservation Corps
CCC
700
FDR's New Deal program is most closely associated with which of the following?
Socialism
800
Who headed the Division of Negro Affairs of the National Youth Administration?
Mary McLeod Betheune
800
The period from 1929 - 1941 is commonly known as what?
The Great Depression
800
Why were working married women resented at this time?
Woman working were taking the place of men who supported families.
800
Established the minimum hourly wage and workweek hour standards
The Fair Labor Standards Act
FLSA
800
What did FDR attempt to do after this to ensure that the Supreme Court would not be able to stop his New Deal actions?
Appoint six more judges to the Supreme Court (Court Packing)
900
What President vetoed price supports for farmers in 1927 and 1928?
Calvin Coolidge
900
How did Hoover try to "jump start" the economy (what projects?)?
The Hoover Dam Project
900
What was the "Bonus Army", what happened to them?
WW I vets who wanted promised bonus (before scheduled). Their encampment in Washington, DC had to be broken up by the Army, two people died.
900
Which New Deal program included both construction of libraries and schools and the Federal Arts project?
The Works Profgress Administration
WPA
900
What were FDR's occasional radio messages to the country during this time called?
Fireside Chats
1000
Who was able to sell of his stocks and avoid much of the depression?
Joseph Kennedy
Father of future President John F. Kennedy
1000
What area of the country became known as the "Dust Bowl"?
The Great Plains states, KS, TX, NE, OK, NM, CO
Overfarming created a situation where the grass systems were destroyed, causing the topsoil to be blown away by strong winds.
1000
Historian Arthur Schlesinger said of this agency, "it left its monuments in the present by purification of the land, the water and the forests by the young men of America". What New Deal program was he describing?
The Civillian Conservation Corps
CCC
1000
FDR's second "burst of activity" in creating more programs and jobs is known by what two names?
Second Hundred Days
1100
Hoover, believed in the term "rugged individualism". What does this mean?
People could rise up and prosper based on their strength of character and hard work ethic.
1100
Where did many of the people of the Dust Bowl eventually move?
California
To get jobs in the farming sector there (though things were very hard there as well).
1100
This New Deal Agency helped preserve the nations resources by planting trees, creating hiking trails and building fire look out towers.
The Civillian Conservation Corps
CCC
1100
In 1936, African Americans changed their voting preference and began supporting what party?
The Democratic Party
1200
Which of the following best explains what Upton Sinclair's "End Poverty in California", Huey Long's "Share our Wealth Plan" and Francis E. Townsend's "Old Age Revolving Pension" had in common?
They were alternatives to the New Deal from the "radical left"
1200
What thee New Deal programs continue to benefit millions of Americans yearly?
Social Security Administration
Civillian Conservation Corps
Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)
1300
Who created the "War of the Worlds" radio broadcast and later directed the film, "Citizen Kane"?
Orson Welles
1400
In 1930, Edmund Wilson said of President Herbert Hoover's response to the Depression that it was "a reassuring thought in the cold weather, that the emaciated men in bread lines, the men and women beggars in the streets, and the children dependent on them, are all having their fibre hardened". This statement is best applied to which of the following positions taken by Hoover?
An assertion that people facing tough times during the depression needed to be strong and rugged.
1500
Describing female workers in "white collar" clerical jobs of the early 20th century, Sinclair Lewis said, "They were quick-moving; beyond that they were as unimportant to larger phases of office politics as frogs to a summer hotel." Which of the following best explains the significance of this statement?
Women were given unskilled clerical positions, with no hope for advancement to jobs of real power.