Colonies & Founders
Leader of the Powhatan Confederacy when Jamestown was founded.
Who was Powhatan?
English Protestants who sought to “purify” the Anglican Church.
Who were the Puritans?
1636 conflict where English settlers burned a Pequot village, killing hundreds.
What was the Pequot War?
Individuals who worked for passage to America in exchange for labor.
Who were indentured servants?
Economic policy of exporting more than importing to build national wealth.
What is mercantilism?
Elementary schools often run out of a woman’s home in colonial times.
What were dame schools?
English soldier who helped lead Jamestown and promoted colonization.
Who was John Smith?
English Separatists who founded Plymouth Colony in 1620.
Who were the Pilgrims?
Conflict between colonists and Wampanoags in 1675–1676.
What was King Philip’s War?
Three-way pattern of trade between colonies, England, and Africa.
What was the triangular trade?
An eighteenth-century movement emphasizing reason and science.
What was the Enlightenment?
Legislative body of the British government.
What was Parliament?
English Catholic politician whose sons helped found Maryland.
Who was Lord Baltimore?
Puritan lawyer and first governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony.
Who was John Winthrop?
Wampanoag leader who launched attacks against colonists.
Who was Metacom (King Philip)?
Forced transport of enslaved Africans across the Atlantic.
What was the Middle Passage?
Religious revival in the 1730s–1740s led by evangelical preachers.
What was the Great Awakening?
Crop grown for personal consumption and steady demand.
What is a staple crop?
Founder of Georgia as a haven for debtors and religious freedom.
Who was James Oglethorpe?
Dissenter who founded Rhode Island, advocating religious freedom.
Who was Roger Williams?
1676 rebellion of Virginia settlers against Governor Berkeley.
What was Bacon’s Rebellion?
First African American to publish a book of poetry in 1773.
Who was Phillis Wheatley?
Written in 1215, this limited the king’s power and established basic rights.
What was the Magna Carta?
Crop grown for profit and sale.
What is a cash crop?
Assembly formed in Virginia in 1619, first representative body in America.
What was the House of Burgesses?
Religious leader banished from Massachusetts in 1637, later killed in New York.
Who was Anne Hutchinson?
The policy of England ignoring the colonies as long as they were profitable.
What was salutary neglect?
British trade laws designed to regulate colonial commerce.
What were the Navigation Acts?
1689 document that guaranteed rights of English citizens.
What was the English Bill of Rights?
American statesman, inventor, and publisher of Poor Richard’s Almanack.
Who was Benjamin Franklin?