Vocab
Social Contract
D: A mutual and unwritten agreement between people and their government
E: Hobbes rejected the theories of Divine Rights and power being shared amongst Parliament and had a cynical view on humanity
S: The Social Contract that began with England’s awful financial decisions during the French and Indian war broke, meaning the colonists had the right to revolt
Intolerable Acts (1774)
D: King George closes Boston Harbor and stops colonist trading with Spain and France at 1763 line
E: Response to the Boston Tea Party from King George
S: United the colonists in opposition to Britain and sparked the first Continental Congress
Middle Passage
Sea route that enslaved Africans would take from West Africa to the Americas during the transatlantic slave trade
Carolina
- Proprietary colony that turned royal colony
- Plantation colony (slaves)
- Had rice, indigo, tobacco, grain, and cotton
Stamp Act (1765)
- Tax on printed goods
- This was bad because it put a huge tax on literally everything
Proclamation of 1763
D: A British proclamation that created a boundary west of the Appalachian mountains and Ohio river which the colonists couldn’t cross
E: Britain didn't have enough money or troops to govern and protect the colonists the new land
S: Colonists got mad because they wanted this land for various business related reasons
Privateer
A privately owned ship (and its crew) authorized by a government during wartime to attack and capture enemy ships (Legal pirates)
Royal Colony
Territory directly governed by a monarch's appointed officials (Example: North Carolina because it was once a colony under control of Britain)
Maryland
- Catholic colony but tolerant of all religions
- Industrial and plantation based economy
Quartering Act (1765)
- Colonists have to house and shelter British troops
- Colonists get really mad cause the British don't protect them anymore yet they still have to provide for them
Dominion of New England
D: A combination of several British colonies that started in 1686 and was updated in 1688
E: Sir Edmund Andros took control and was a corrupt and greedy ruler
S: Colonists lost several freedoms they once had, which resulted in a revolt and the arrest of Andros and the end of the Dominion.
Loyalist
A colonist that stayed loyal to the British during the American Rev
Proprietary Colony
A type of British colony in North America that was owned and governed by an individual or a small group of people rather than directly by the king
Virginia
- Roanoke colony disappeared
- Jamestown is a joint stock company
- Had NO alliances with the natives
- Led to Boston Tea Party
Natural Rights
D: Fundamental rights everyone is born with (Life, Liberty, Property)
E: John Locke argued that governments are created to protect these rights, and if they fail, citizens have the absolute right abolish that government
S: Became the philosophical foundation for the Declaration of Independence
Treaty of Paris 1783
Formally ends AR, establishes US independence, free navigation of Mississippi river for England and the US
Who was the most powerful in the sugar trade?
The Portuguese (They learnt the sugar-growing process from Mediterranean plantations started by Muslims)
Factors
- Representatives of business' overseas that would network and manage trade
- They heavily contributed to the growth of cities
Why were the colonists so mad about being taxed?
They were being taxed yet still had no vote in British parliament (Taxation without representation)
Townshend Acts (1767)
D: Put taxes on glass, lead, tea, and paint
E: Britain taxed imported goods to pay off French Indian war debts
S: These huge taxes led to a revolutionary sentiment from the colonists
Indentures
Legal contracts that bound a person to work for an employer for a set number of years in exchange for passage to the Americas, food, or shelter. After finishing their term, they were free.
Massachusetts Bay Colony
- Self governing
- Highly religious
- Powerful in trade because they had lumber
French and Indian War
- Between Britain and France
- French allied with Natives and fought against Britain who wanted land past the Ohio River
- Britain won and gained lots of new land but also lost a lot of money and troops
Why did the British stop the war?
They were losing